:root {
  --blue: #246ba3;
  --blue-dark: #153f64;
  --blue-deep: #102f4b;
  --blue-light: #dceefa;
  --blue-pale: #eef7fc;
  --grey-900: #25313b;
  --grey-700: #5e6d79;
  --grey-500: #8a99a6;
  --grey-300: #cbd5dd;
  --grey-200: #e2e8ed;
  --grey-100: #f3f6f8;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --serif: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --sans: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  --max: 1180px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--grey-900);
  background: var(--white);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
a { color: inherit; }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
button { font: inherit; }
.container { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--max)); margin-inline: auto; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; left: 12px; top: -60px; z-index: 100; padding: 9px 13px; color: #fff; background: var(--blue-dark); }
.skip-link:focus { top: 12px; }

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.96);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}
.site-header::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -1px;
  width: min(31vw, 430px);
  height: 5px;
  background: var(--blue);
  clip-path: polygon(9% 0, 100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%);
}
.header-inner { min-height: 78px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 28px; }
.brand { display: grid; text-decoration: none; line-height: 1.15; }
.brand-name { color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; }
.brand-field { margin-top: 6px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .17em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.site-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 30px; }
.site-nav a { position: relative; padding: 27px 0 23px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .055em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.site-nav a::after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 100%; bottom: 17px; height: 2px; background: var(--blue); transition: right .2s ease; }
.site-nav a:hover::after, .site-nav a[aria-current='page']::after { right: 0; }
.site-nav a[aria-current='page'] { color: var(--blue-dark); }
.menu-toggle { display: none; width: 42px; height: 42px; border: 1px solid var(--grey-300); border-radius: 0; background: #fff; }
.menu-toggle::before, .menu-toggle::after, .menu-toggle span { content: ''; display: block; width: 20px; height: 1px; margin: 5px auto; background: var(--blue-dark); }

.home-hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding: clamp(76px, 9vw, 126px) 0 clamp(66px, 8vw, 104px); background: linear-gradient(112deg, #fff 0 66%, var(--blue-pale) 66% 100%); }
.home-hero::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: -12vw; bottom: 22px; width: 47vw; height: 22px; background: var(--grey-200); transform: rotate(-8deg); transform-origin: left center; }
.home-hero::after { content: ''; position: absolute; right: -10vw; top: 38px; width: 42vw; height: 15px; background: var(--blue-light); transform: rotate(9deg); }
.hero-grid { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .9fr) minmax(440px, 1.1fr); gap: clamp(46px, 7vw, 96px); align-items: center; }
.kicker, .section-label, .page-label { margin: 0 0 18px; color: var(--blue); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.home-hero h1 { max-width: 590px; margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(48px, 6vw, 76px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: .99; }
.home-hero h1 span { color: var(--blue); }
.hero-copy { max-width: 585px; margin: 28px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 18px; }
.hero-affiliation { margin: 31px 0 0; padding-left: 18px; border-left: 3px solid var(--blue); color: var(--blue-dark); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5; }

.pentagon-wrap { position: relative; min-height: 560px; display: grid; place-items: center; }
.pentagon-nav {
  width: min(100%, 680px);
  overflow: visible;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 16px 24px rgba(21,63,100,.08));
}
.pentagon-core {
  fill: var(--blue-light);
  stroke: rgba(255,255,255,.96);
  stroke-width: 4;
}
.pentagon-core-inset {
  stroke: rgba(36,107,163,.24);
  stroke-width: 1.2;
}
.pentagon-edge { cursor: pointer; outline: none; }
.edge-hit {
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 36;
  pointer-events: stroke;
}
.edge-main,
.edge-extension {
  stroke-linecap: square;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  transition: stroke .24s ease, stroke-width .24s ease, filter .24s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.edge-main {
  stroke: var(--blue-dark);
  stroke-width: 8;
}
.edge-extension { stroke-width: 8; }
.edge-extension-blue { stroke: var(--blue); }
.edge-extension-grey { stroke: var(--grey-700); }
.edge-label-group {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(5px);
  transform-box: fill-box;
  transform-origin: center;
  transition: opacity .2s ease, transform .28s cubic-bezier(.2,.75,.2,1);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.edge-leader {
  stroke: var(--blue);
  stroke-width: 1.5;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  stroke-dasharray: 220;
  stroke-dashoffset: 220;
  transition: stroke-dashoffset .38s cubic-bezier(.2,.75,.2,1);
}
.edge-label {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.edge-label-end { text-anchor: end; }
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-main,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-main {
  stroke: var(--blue);
  stroke-width: 10;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 5px rgba(21,63,100,.16));
}
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-extension-blue,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-extension-blue { stroke-width: 10; }
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-label-group,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-label-group {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-leader,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-leader { stroke-dashoffset: 0; }
.pentagon-center-title {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 31px;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-anchor: middle;
}
.pentagon-center-sub {
  fill: var(--blue-dark);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-anchor: middle;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.section { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding: clamp(82px, 9vw, 124px) 0; }
.section-rule { border-top: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.section-blue { background: var(--blue-pale); }
.section-blue::after { content: ''; position: absolute; right: -7vw; bottom: 37px; width: 38vw; height: 28px; background: rgba(36,107,163,.12); transform: rotate(-7deg); }
.section-grey { background: var(--grey-100); }
.section-grey::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: -5vw; top: 48px; width: 36vw; height: 18px; background: rgba(138,153,166,.22); transform: rotate(8deg); }
.section-head { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 42px; margin-bottom: 50px; }
.section-head h2 { max-width: 780px; margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 60px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: 1.06; }
.section-head p:not(.section-label) { max-width: 700px; margin: 16px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); }

.rotating-publications { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.paper-stage { position: relative; height: clamp(530px, 62vw, 670px); perspective: 1400px; overflow: hidden; border-top: 1px solid var(--grey-300); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.paper-stage::before, .paper-stage::after { content: ''; position: absolute; z-index: 8; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 12%; pointer-events: none; }
.paper-stage::before { left: 0; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--white), rgba(255,255,255,0)); }
.paper-stage::after { right: 0; background: linear-gradient(270deg, var(--white), rgba(255,255,255,0)); }
.paper-card { --x: 0%; --scale: .62; --rotate-y: 0deg; --rotate-z: 0deg; --opacity: 0; position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 50%; width: min(360px, 38vw); transform: translate(-50%, -50%) translateX(var(--x)) scale(var(--scale)) rotateY(var(--rotate-y)) rotateZ(var(--rotate-z)); opacity: var(--opacity); z-index: var(--z, 0); transition: transform 1.05s cubic-bezier(.18,.76,.18,1), opacity .72s ease, filter .72s ease; will-change: transform, opacity; filter: saturate(.7); }
.paper-card[data-position='0'] { --x: 0%; --scale: 1; --rotate-y: 0deg; --rotate-z: 0deg; --opacity: 1; --z: 6; filter: none; }
.paper-card[data-position='-1'] { --x: -93%; --scale: .78; --rotate-y: 23deg; --rotate-z: -2deg; --opacity: .7; --z: 4; }
.paper-card[data-position='1'] { --x: 93%; --scale: .78; --rotate-y: -23deg; --rotate-z: 2deg; --opacity: .7; --z: 4; }
.paper-card[data-position='-2'] { --x: -154%; --scale: .57; --rotate-y: 34deg; --rotate-z: -4deg; --opacity: .25; --z: 2; }
.paper-card[data-position='2'] { --x: 154%; --scale: .57; --rotate-y: -34deg; --rotate-z: 4deg; --opacity: .25; --z: 2; }
.paper-card[data-position='hidden'] { --x: 0%; --scale: .45; --opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; }
.paper-link { display: block; text-decoration: none; }
.paper-cover { position: relative; padding: 18px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--grey-300); box-shadow: 0 22px 44px rgba(16,47,75,.13); }
.paper-cover::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: -1px; right: 48%; top: -7px; height: 7px; background: var(--blue); clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 0, 94% 100%, 0 100%); }
.paper-cover img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: .72; object-fit: cover; object-position: top; border: 1px solid var(--grey-200); }
.paper-meta { min-height: 137px; padding: 20px 4px 0; }
.paper-meta h3 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.23; }
.paper-meta h3 span { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: transparent; text-underline-offset: 4px; transition: text-decoration-color .2s ease; }
.paper-link:hover h3 span, .paper-link:focus h3 span { text-decoration-color: var(--blue); }
.paper-authors { margin: 9px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.45; }
.carousel-bar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; align-items: center; min-height: 74px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.carousel-status { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; }
.carousel-status strong { color: var(--blue-dark); font-size: 15px; }
.carousel-trackline { width: min(260px, 27vw); height: 2px; background: var(--grey-200); }
.carousel-trackline span { display: block; height: 100%; background: var(--blue); transform-origin: left; transition: transform .9s cubic-bezier(.18,.76,.18,1); }
.carousel-buttons { display: flex; align-self: stretch; }
.carousel-button { width: 72px; border: 0; border-left: 1px solid var(--grey-300); border-radius: 0; color: var(--blue-dark); background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font-size: 24px; transition: background .2s ease, color .2s ease; }
.carousel-button:hover { color: #fff; background: var(--blue); }
.carousel-note { margin: 18px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; text-align: right; }

.home-vita { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(250px, .55fr); gap: 42px; align-items: start; }
.home-vita-copy { color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(22px, 2.5vw, 31px); line-height: 1.48; }
.home-vita-copy p { margin: 0; }
.home-vita-aside { padding: 24px 0 0 24px; border-left: 3px solid var(--blue); color: var(--grey-700); }
.home-vita-aside p { margin: 0 0 20px; }
.text-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; color: var(--blue-dark); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.text-link::after { content: '->'; color: var(--blue); transition: transform .2s ease; }
.text-link:hover::after { transform: translateX(4px); }

.position-timeline { position: relative; z-index: 1; margin-left: 222px; padding: 30px 0 0; }
.position-timeline::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 18px; top: 8px; height: 2px; background: var(--blue-dark); }
.position-timeline::after { content: ''; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 2px; border-left: 13px solid var(--blue-dark); border-top: 7px solid transparent; border-bottom: 7px solid transparent; }
.position-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.15fr 1.3fr .78fr .5fr 1.22fr; }
.position { position: relative; padding: 24px 18px 0 0; }
.position::before { content: ''; position: absolute; top: -27px; left: 0; width: 10px; height: 10px; border: 2px solid var(--blue-dark); background: var(--blue-light); transform: rotate(45deg); }
.position-year { margin: 0 0 11px; color: var(--blue); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.position h3 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.25; }
.position p { margin: 6px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.45; }

.page-hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding: clamp(74px, 9vw, 114px) 0 62px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); background: linear-gradient(115deg, #fff 0 72%, var(--blue-pale) 72% 100%); }
.page-hero::after { content: ''; position: absolute; right: -5vw; bottom: 19px; width: 39vw; height: 17px; background: var(--blue-light); transform: rotate(-8deg); }
.page-hero-grid { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 42px; }
.page-hero h1 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(46px, 6vw, 72px); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1; }
.page-lead { max-width: 730px; margin: 20px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 18px; }

.publications { padding: 68px 0 110px; }
.publication-group { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 42px; }
.publication-group + .publication-group { margin-top: 62px; }
.publication-year { margin: 0; padding-top: 22px; color: var(--blue); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; }
.bibliography { border-top: 2px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.bib-entry { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 34px; gap: 20px; padding: 21px 0 23px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.bib-entry::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: -1px; width: 0; height: 2px; background: var(--blue); transition: width .28s ease; }
.bib-entry:hover::before { width: 26%; }
.bib-entry h2 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; }
.bib-entry h2 a { text-decoration: none; }
.bib-entry h2 a:hover { color: var(--blue); }
.bib-entry p { margin: 7px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 13px; }
.bib-arrow { align-self: center; color: var(--blue); font-size: 20px; text-decoration: none; }

.teaching-section, .contact-section, .vita-section { padding: 74px 0 112px; }
.teaching-block, .contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 42px; }
.teaching-block + .teaching-block { margin-top: 76px; }
.teaching-block > h2 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.course-list { border-top: 2px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.course-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 145px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 28px; padding: 23px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.course-year { color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; }
.course-row h3 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; font-weight: 400; }
.course-row p { margin: 5px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 13px; }

.contact-list { margin: 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.contact-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 170px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 28px; padding: 24px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.contact-row dt { color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; }
.contact-row dd { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; }
.contact-row a { text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 5px; }

.vita-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.4fr) minmax(260px, .6fr); gap: clamp(60px, 9vw, 120px); align-items: start; }
.vita-prose { color: var(--grey-900); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.62; }
.vita-prose p { margin: 0 0 25px; }
.keyword-field { margin-top: 44px; border-top: 2px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.keyword-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 150px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 20px; padding: 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.keyword-row strong { color: var(--blue); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.keyword-row span { color: var(--grey-700); }
.vita-side { position: sticky; top: 118px; padding: 27px 28px 31px; background: var(--blue-pale); border-top: 4px solid var(--blue); clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 0, 100% 92%, 91% 100%, 0 100%); }
.vita-side h2 { margin: 0 0 13px; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 27px; font-weight: 400; }
.vita-side p { margin: 0 0 22px; color: var(--grey-700); }

.career-map { margin-top: 86px; padding-top: 18px; }
.career-map h2 { margin: 0 0 46px; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(34px,4vw,48px); font-weight: 400; }
.career-arrow { position: relative; padding-top: 34px; }
.career-arrow::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 22px; top: 10px; height: 3px; background: var(--blue-dark); }
.career-arrow::after { content: none; }
.career-points { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1.25fr .82fr .62fr 1.2fr; }
.career-point { position: relative; padding: 27px 20px 0 0; }
.career-point::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; top: -30px; width: 14px; height: 14px; border: 3px solid var(--blue-dark); background: #fff; border-radius: 50%; }
.career-point::after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 7px; top: -12px; width: 1px; height: 28px; background: var(--blue-dark); }
.career-point time { color: var(--blue); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; }
.career-point h3 { margin: 8px 0 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.25; }
.career-point p { margin: 6px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.45; }

.site-footer { position: relative; color: #fff; background: var(--blue-deep); overflow: hidden; }
.site-footer::before { content: ''; position: absolute; left: -8vw; top: 18px; width: 42vw; height: 10px; background: rgba(220,238,250,.19); transform: rotate(-6deg); }
.footer-inner { min-height: 126px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 26px; position: relative; z-index: 1; font-size: 12px; }
.footer-links { display: flex; gap: 24px; }
.footer-links a { color: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
.footer-links a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }

.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); transition: opacity .7s ease, transform .7s ease; }
.reveal.is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pentagon-wrap { min-height: 500px; }
  .home-vita { grid-template-columns: 150px 1fr; }
  .home-vita-aside { grid-column: 2; }
  .position-timeline { margin-left: 192px; overflow-x: auto; padding-bottom: 16px; }
  .position-grid, .career-points { min-width: 830px; }
  .career-arrow { overflow-x: auto; padding-bottom: 16px; }
  .career-arrow::before { right: auto; width: 812px; }
  
  .vita-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .vita-side { position: static; max-width: 500px; }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .container { width: min(calc(100% - 30px), var(--max)); }
  .header-inner { min-height: 68px; }
  .menu-toggle { display: block; }
  .site-nav { position: fixed; left: 0; right: 0; top: 68px; display: none; padding: 10px 15px 20px; background: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
  .site-nav.is-open { display: grid; }
  .site-nav a { padding: 14px 0; }
  .site-nav a::after { bottom: 7px; }
  .home-hero { padding-top: 58px; background: linear-gradient(164deg, #fff 0 70%, var(--blue-pale) 70% 100%); }
  .home-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(43px, 13vw, 62px); }
  .pentagon-wrap { min-height: 430px; margin-inline: -12px; }
  .pentagon-nav { width: min(112%, 660px); }
  .edge-label { font-size: 15px; }
  .section-head, .page-hero-grid, .publication-group, .teaching-block, .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 15px; }
  .section-head { margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .paper-stage { height: 560px; }
  .paper-card { width: min(320px, 70vw); }
  .paper-card[data-position='-1'] { --x: -76%; --scale: .68; }
  .paper-card[data-position='1'] { --x: 76%; --scale: .68; }
  .paper-card[data-position='-2'], .paper-card[data-position='2'] { --opacity: 0; }
  .home-vita { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 23px; }
  .home-vita-aside { grid-column: 1; }
  .position-timeline { margin-left: 0; }
  .page-hero { padding-top: 58px; }
  .course-row, .contact-row, .keyword-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 6px; }
  .publication-year { padding-top: 0; }
  .carousel-trackline { display: none; }
  .footer-inner { min-height: 144px; align-items: flex-start; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column; padding-block: 32px; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .brand-name { font-size: 19px; }
  .brand-field { font-size: 9px; }
  .pentagon-wrap { min-height: 365px; }
  .pentagon-nav { width: 118%; }
  .edge-label { font-size: 14px; }
  .paper-stage { height: 510px; }
  .paper-card { width: 76vw; }
  .paper-cover { padding: 12px; }
  .paper-meta { min-height: 122px; }
  .paper-meta h3 { font-size: 19px; }
  .carousel-button { width: 60px; }
  .carousel-status { gap: 8px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .01ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
}

/* Refinement: finer geometry, moving navigation marker, and broad angular colour fields. */
:root {
  --grey-line: #b8c4cd;
  --grey-shape: #e7edf1;
}

.site-header::after { display: none; }
.site-nav { position: relative; }
.site-nav a::after { display: none; }
.site-nav a:hover { color: var(--blue); }
.nav-indicator {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 15px;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--blue);
  transform: translateX(0);
  transform-origin: left center;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform .58s cubic-bezier(.2,.78,.2,1), width .58s cubic-bezier(.2,.78,.2,1);
}

/* Pentagon: the side and its counterclockwise continuation share one blue. */
.pentagon-nav { filter: drop-shadow(0 13px 22px rgba(21,63,100,.055)); }
.pentagon-core { stroke-width: 1.5; }
.pentagon-core-inset { stroke-width: .7; }
.edge-main,
.edge-extension,
.edge-extension-tail {
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: stroke .24s ease, stroke-width .24s ease, filter .24s ease;
}
.edge-main,
.edge-extension { stroke-width: 3; }
.edge-main,
.edge-extension-blue,
.edge-tail-blue { stroke: var(--blue); }
.edge-extension-grey,
.edge-tail-grey { stroke: var(--grey-line); }
.edge-extension-tail {
  stroke-width: 3;
  stroke-dasharray: 5 6;
}
.edge-leader { stroke-width: .8; }
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-main,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-main,
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-extension-blue,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-extension-blue,
.pentagon-edge:hover .edge-tail-blue,
.pentagon-edge:focus-visible .edge-tail-blue {
  stroke-width: 4.25;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 3px 3px rgba(21,63,100,.11));
}

/* Large oblique fields replace the former narrow decorative bars. */
.home-hero,
.section,
.page-hero,
.teaching-section,
.contact-section,
.vita-section,
.publications,
.site-footer { isolation: isolate; }

.home-hero { background: var(--white); }
.home-hero::before {
  left: -11vw;
  bottom: -70px;
  width: 58vw;
  height: 210px;
  background: var(--grey-shape);
  transform: none;
  clip-path: polygon(0 36%, 100% 0, 83% 100%, 0 79%);
  opacity: .72;
}
.home-hero::after {
  right: -8vw;
  top: 18px;
  width: 48vw;
  height: 235px;
  background: var(--blue-pale);
  transform: none;
  clip-path: polygon(22% 0, 100% 11%, 100% 79%, 0 100%);
}

.section-blue::after {
  right: -13vw;
  bottom: -48px;
  width: 65vw;
  height: 190px;
  background: rgba(36,107,163,.10);
  transform: none;
  clip-path: polygon(20% 0, 100% 28%, 100% 100%, 0 78%);
}
.section-grey::before {
  left: -14vw;
  top: 24px;
  width: 61vw;
  height: 170px;
  background: rgba(184,196,205,.23);
  transform: none;
  clip-path: polygon(0 15%, 84% 0, 100% 72%, 8% 100%);
}

.page-hero { background: var(--white); }
.page-hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: -9vw;
  bottom: -82px;
  width: 46vw;
  height: 180px;
  background: var(--grey-shape);
  clip-path: polygon(0 27%, 100% 0, 76% 100%, 0 82%);
  opacity: .78;
}
.page-hero::after {
  right: -8vw;
  bottom: -48px;
  width: 47vw;
  height: 205px;
  background: var(--blue-pale);
  transform: none;
  clip-path: polygon(24% 0, 100% 18%, 100% 100%, 0 73%);
}

.teaching-section,
.contact-section,
.vita-section,
.publications { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.teaching-section::before,
.contact-section::before,
.vita-section::before,
.publications::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  right: -18vw;
  top: 12%;
  width: 50vw;
  height: 230px;
  background: rgba(220,238,250,.52);
  clip-path: polygon(28% 0, 100% 19%, 100% 88%, 0 100%);
  z-index: 0;
}
.teaching-section::after,
.contact-section::after,
.vita-section::after,
.publications::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: -18vw;
  bottom: 8%;
  width: 48vw;
  height: 180px;
  background: rgba(231,237,241,.72);
  clip-path: polygon(0 15%, 100% 0, 78% 100%, 0 77%);
  z-index: 0;
}
.teaching-section > .container,
.contact-section > .container,
.vita-section > .container,
.publications > .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.site-footer::before {
  left: -9vw;
  top: -44px;
  width: 48vw;
  height: 150px;
  background: rgba(220,238,250,.13);
  transform: none;
  clip-path: polygon(0 28%, 100% 0, 78% 100%, 0 75%);
}

/* Linked course titles from the original teaching page. */
.course-link {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: transparent;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 5px;
  transition: color .2s ease, text-decoration-color .2s ease;
}
.course-link:hover,
.course-link:focus-visible {
  color: var(--blue);
  text-decoration-color: var(--blue);
}
.course-link::after {
  content: '';
  color: var(--blue);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: .62em;
  vertical-align: .28em;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .nav-indicator { display: none; }
  .site-nav a[aria-current='page'] { border-left: 2px solid var(--blue); padding-left: 12px; }
  .home-hero::before { width: 88vw; height: 150px; bottom: -62px; }
  .home-hero::after { width: 76vw; height: 170px; right: -28vw; }
  .page-hero::before { width: 68vw; }
  .page-hero::after { width: 74vw; right: -29vw; }
}

/* Open convex-support navigation and larger angular colour fields. */
:root {
  --blue: #3b82b6;
  --blue-dark: #245d88;
  --blue-deep: #173f60;
  --blue-light: #d8eefb;
  --blue-pale: #eef8fd;
  --map-label: #83bfe5;
  --grey-line: #cbd5dc;
  --grey-shape: #e9eef2;
}

/* Reusable open navigation figure. */
.site-map-wrap {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}
.site-map-home { min-height: 570px; }
.site-map-compact { min-height: 340px; }
.support-map {
  width: min(100%, 720px);
  overflow: visible;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 18px 28px rgba(23,63,96,.055));
}
.site-map-compact .support-map { width: min(100%, 560px); }
.convex-field {
  fill: rgba(216,238,251,.84);
  stroke: none;
}
.convex-contour {
  fill: rgba(255,255,255,.24);
  stroke: rgba(59,130,182,.24);
  stroke-width: 1;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.map-center-title {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-anchor: middle;
}
.map-center-note {
  fill: var(--blue-dark);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-anchor: middle;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.map-link { cursor: pointer; outline: none; }
.map-hit {
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 34;
  pointer-events: stroke;
}
.map-line,
.map-tail {
  stroke: var(--blue);
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: stroke .24s ease, stroke-width .24s ease, filter .24s ease;
}
.map-line { stroke-width: 2.5; }
.map-tail {
  stroke-width: 2.5;
  stroke-dasharray: 4 5;
}
.map-label {
  fill: var(--map-label);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: .11em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  paint-order: stroke;
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 0;
  transform-box: fill-box;
  transform-origin: center;
  transition: fill .24s ease, stroke .24s ease, stroke-width .24s ease, transform .24s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.map-label-end { text-anchor: end; }
.map-label-middle { text-anchor: middle; }
.map-active-dot {
  fill: var(--blue-dark);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity .2s ease;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.map-link.is-active .map-line,
.map-link.is-active .map-tail { stroke-width: 3.2; }
.map-link.is-active .map-active-dot { opacity: .82; }
.map-link:hover .map-line,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-line,
.map-link:hover .map-tail,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-tail {
  stroke: var(--blue-deep);
  stroke-width: 5;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 4px rgba(23,63,96,.15));
}
.map-link:hover .map-label,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-label {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  stroke: rgba(23,63,96,.28);
  stroke-width: .55px;
  transform: scale(1.035);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.map-link:hover .map-active-dot,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-active-dot { opacity: 1; }

/* Homepage and page-title composition. */
.hero-grid {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0,.9fr) minmax(480px,1.1fr);
  gap: clamp(34px,5vw,76px);
}
.page-hero {
  min-height: 430px;
  padding: clamp(48px,6vw,78px) 0;
}
.page-hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px,.72fr) minmax(460px,1.28fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(28px,5vw,72px);
}
.page-title-block { position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.page-title-block .page-label { margin-bottom: 15px; }
.page-title-block h1 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(46px,5.4vw,70px);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.045em;
  line-height: 1;
}
.page-lead { display: none; }
.error-page { min-height: 100vh; }

/* Much larger oblique bands and fields. */
.home-hero::before {
  left: -19vw;
  bottom: -155px;
  width: 88vw;
  height: 385px;
  opacity: .82;
  clip-path: polygon(0 33%, 100% 0, 82% 100%, 0 78%);
}
.home-hero::after {
  right: -24vw;
  top: -45px;
  width: 82vw;
  height: 410px;
  opacity: .92;
  clip-path: polygon(24% 0, 100% 8%, 100% 84%, 0 100%);
}
.section-blue::after {
  right: -24vw;
  bottom: -135px;
  width: 92vw;
  height: 390px;
  background: rgba(59,130,182,.11);
  clip-path: polygon(17% 0, 100% 24%, 100% 100%, 0 76%);
}
.section-grey::before {
  left: -22vw;
  top: -55px;
  width: 88vw;
  height: 355px;
  background: rgba(191,204,214,.30);
  clip-path: polygon(0 18%, 87% 0, 100% 74%, 7% 100%);
}
.page-hero::before {
  left: -24vw;
  bottom: -145px;
  width: 82vw;
  height: 350px;
  opacity: .86;
  clip-path: polygon(0 25%, 100% 0, 78% 100%, 0 82%);
}
.page-hero::after {
  right: -25vw;
  bottom: -120px;
  width: 86vw;
  height: 390px;
  opacity: .92;
  clip-path: polygon(25% 0, 100% 16%, 100% 100%, 0 72%);
}
.teaching-section::before,
.contact-section::before,
.vita-section::before,
.publications::before {
  right: -30vw;
  top: 5%;
  width: 84vw;
  height: 430px;
  background: rgba(216,238,251,.50);
  clip-path: polygon(27% 0, 100% 16%, 100% 90%, 0 100%);
}
.teaching-section::after,
.contact-section::after,
.vita-section::after,
.publications::after {
  left: -29vw;
  bottom: 3%;
  width: 79vw;
  height: 370px;
  background: rgba(233,238,242,.78);
  clip-path: polygon(0 13%, 100% 0, 79% 100%, 0 79%);
}
.site-footer::before {
  left: -22vw;
  top: -100px;
  width: 78vw;
  height: 270px;
  clip-path: polygon(0 28%, 100% 0, 79% 100%, 0 76%);
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-grid,
  .page-hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .site-map-home { min-height: 500px; }
  .site-map-compact { min-height: 390px; }
  .site-map-compact .support-map { width: min(100%, 650px); }
  .page-title-block { max-width: 720px; }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-map-home { min-height: 420px; margin-inline: -14px; width: calc(100% + 28px); }
  .site-map-compact { min-height: 350px; margin-inline: -18px; width: calc(100% + 36px); }
  .support-map { width: 110%; }
  .site-map-compact .support-map { width: 108%; }
  .map-label { font-size: 20px; }
  .map-center-title { font-size: 34px; }
  .map-center-note { font-size: 10px; }
  .page-hero { min-height: 0; padding: 54px 0 36px; }
  .page-hero-grid { gap: 18px; }
  .home-hero::before { width: 118vw; height: 250px; bottom: -105px; }
  .home-hero::after { width: 112vw; height: 270px; right: -62vw; top: 5px; }
  .page-hero::before { width: 112vw; height: 250px; left: -48vw; bottom: -105px; }
  .page-hero::after { width: 116vw; height: 275px; right: -63vw; bottom: -80px; }
  .section-blue::after { width: 125vw; height: 285px; right: -61vw; }
  .section-grey::before { width: 122vw; height: 270px; left: -57vw; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .site-map-home { min-height: 345px; }
  .site-map-compact { min-height: 305px; }
  .map-label { font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
  .map-center-title { font-size: 38px; }
  .map-center-note { display: none; }
  .page-title-block h1 { font-size: clamp(42px,12vw,58px); }
}

/* The central navigation motif is an open convex frontier, not a closed polygon. */
.convex-field,
.convex-contour { display: none; }
.map-frontier {
  stroke: rgba(216,238,251,.92);
  stroke-width: 112;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.map-frontier-contour {
  stroke: rgba(83,157,205,.52);
  stroke-width: 1.15;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}

/* Section names in the primary navigation echo the light-blue map labels. */
.site-nav a {
  color: var(--map-label);
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: color .22s ease, font-weight .22s ease;
}
.site-nav a:hover,
.site-nav a:focus-visible,
.site-nav a[aria-current='page'] {
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* Keep the header geometry stable while the colour changes on hover. */
.site-nav a,
.site-nav a:hover,
.site-nav a:focus-visible,
.site-nav a[aria-current='page'] { font-weight: 700; }


/* Full-bleed tangent navigation: a convex acceptance set and its supporting lines. */
.home-intro {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
  max-width: 860px;
  padding-top: clamp(62px, 8vw, 116px);
}
.home-hero {
  padding: 0 0 clamp(48px, 7vw, 92px);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.page-hero {
  padding: clamp(44px, 5vw, 72px) 0 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.page-title-row {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
}
.site-map-wrap,
.site-map-home,
.site-map-compact {
  width: 100vw;
  min-height: 0;
  margin: clamp(10px, 2vw, 28px) 0 0 calc(50% - 50vw);
  overflow: hidden;
  display: block;
}
.support-map {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  overflow: visible;
  filter: none;
}
.site-map-home .support-map { min-height: 560px; }
.site-map-compact .support-map { min-height: 420px; }
.map-shape {
  fill: rgba(204, 233, 249, .94);
  stroke: none;
}
.map-shape-outline {
  stroke: rgba(59, 130, 182, .58);
  stroke-width: 1.05;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.map-shape-accent {
  stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .34);
  stroke-width: 74;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.map-center-title {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 32px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  text-anchor: middle;
}
.map-link { cursor: pointer; outline: none; }
.map-hit {
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 36;
  pointer-events: stroke;
}
.map-ray {
  stroke-width: 1.35;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: stroke .22s ease, stroke-width .22s ease, opacity .22s ease;
}
.map-ray-blue { stroke: var(--blue); }
.map-ray-grey { stroke: #d7dfe5; }
.map-ray-dash { stroke-dasharray: 6 7; }
.map-contact {
  fill: var(--blue);
  opacity: .42;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: fill .22s ease, opacity .22s ease, r .22s ease;
}
.map-label {
  fill: #8bc6e8;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .11em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: fill .22s ease, font-weight .22s ease;
}
.map-label-end { text-anchor: end; }
.map-link:hover .map-ray-blue,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-ray-blue,
.map-link.is-active .map-ray-blue {
  stroke: var(--blue-deep);
  stroke-width: 2.5;
}
.map-link:hover .map-label,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-label,
.map-link.is-active .map-label {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-weight: 750;
}
.map-link:hover .map-contact,
.map-link:focus-visible .map-contact,
.map-link.is-active .map-contact {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  opacity: 1;
}
/* Retire the previous open-frontier geometry. */
.map-frontier,
.map-frontier-contour,
.map-line,
.map-tail,
.map-active-dot,
.map-center-note { display: none; }

@media (min-width: 1400px) {
  .support-map { margin-top: -22px; }
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .site-map-home .support-map { min-height: 470px; }
  .site-map-compact .support-map { min-height: 380px; }
  .map-label { font-size: 20px; }
  .map-center-title { font-size: 36px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-wrap,
  .site-map-home,
  .site-map-compact {
    width: 128vw;
    margin-left: calc(50% - 64vw);
  }
  .site-map-home .support-map { min-height: 420px; }
  .site-map-compact .support-map { min-height: 340px; }
  .map-label { font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: .07em; }
  .map-center-title { font-size: 39px; }
  .map-ray { stroke-width: 1.15; }
}
.site-map-home .support-map,
.site-map-compact .support-map {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
}

/* v7: top-right polyhedral navigation. The shape is an unbounded acceptance set,
   and each exposed facet acts as a supporting navigation line. */
.site-map-wrap,
.site-map-home,
.site-map-compact {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  width: auto;
}
.home-hero,
.page-hero {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
}
.home-hero {
  min-height: clamp(560px, 48vw, 690px);
  padding-bottom: clamp(54px, 6vw, 88px);
}
.home-intro {
  max-width: 660px;
  padding-top: clamp(78px, 9vw, 126px);
  position: relative;
  z-index: 4;
}
.page-hero {
  min-height: 310px;
  padding-top: clamp(52px, 6vw, 78px);
}
.page-title-row {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 4;
}
.site-map-home,
.site-map-compact {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.site-map-home {
  top: -78px;
  right: -38px;
  width: min(64vw, 900px);
}
.site-map-compact {
  top: -108px;
  right: -24px;
  width: min(52vw, 690px);
}
.poly-map {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  overflow: visible;
  pointer-events: auto;
  filter: drop-shadow(-18px 24px 32px rgba(23, 63, 96, .08));
}
.poly-shape {
  fill: url(#poly-fill);
  stroke: rgba(36, 93, 136, .48);
  stroke-width: 1.1;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  transform-origin: 100% 0;
  animation: poly-map-enter .82s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1) both;
}
.poly-plane {
  pointer-events: none;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.poly-plane-one { fill: url(#poly-sheen); }
.poly-plane-two { fill: rgba(59, 130, 182, .075); }
.poly-plane-three { fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, .22); }
.poly-frontier {
  stroke: rgba(36, 93, 136, .72);
  stroke-width: 1.15;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.poly-conjugate {
  stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .46);
  stroke-width: 1.1;
  stroke-dasharray: 3 7;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.poly-center-title {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.018em;
  text-anchor: middle;
}
.poly-center-formula {
  fill: rgba(23, 63, 96, .62);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-anchor: middle;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.poly-link {
  cursor: pointer;
  outline: none;
}
.poly-hit {
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 28;
  pointer-events: stroke;
}
.poly-support {
  stroke-width: 1.2;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0;
  animation: poly-line-enter .44s ease-out forwards;
  animation-delay: calc(.18s + var(--i) * .075s);
  transition: stroke .2s ease, stroke-width .2s ease, opacity .2s ease;
}
.poly-blue { stroke: var(--blue); }
.poly-grey { stroke: #dce5eb; }
.poly-dash { stroke-dasharray: 5 6; }
.poly-label {
  fill: #94cae9;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 570;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-anchor: end;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0;
  animation: poly-label-enter .42s ease-out forwards;
  animation-delay: calc(.26s + var(--i) * .075s);
  transition: fill .2s ease, font-weight .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}
.poly-active-mark {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}
.poly-link:hover .poly-blue,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-blue,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-blue {
  stroke: var(--blue-deep);
  stroke-width: 2.25;
}
.poly-link:hover .poly-label,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-label,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-label {
  fill: var(--blue-deep);
  font-weight: 780;
  transform: translateX(-4px);
}
.poly-link:hover .poly-active-mark,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-active-mark,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-active-mark {
  opacity: 1;
}
.poly-link:hover .poly-grey,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-grey {
  stroke: #c8d6df;
}
@keyframes poly-map-enter {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translate(42px, -34px) scale(.96); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); }
}
@keyframes poly-line-enter {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translate(12px, -8px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translate(0, 0); }
}
@keyframes poly-label-enter {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(10px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(0); }
}

/* Retire all previous navigation geometry. */
.support-map,
.map-shape,
.map-shape-outline,
.map-shape-accent,
.map-center-title,
.map-link,
.map-ray,
.map-contact,
.map-label { display: none !important; }

@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-map-home { width: min(68vw, 790px); right: -72px; top: -56px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: min(58vw, 650px); right: -68px; }
  .home-intro { max-width: 600px; }
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .home-hero { min-height: 690px; }
  .home-intro { max-width: 590px; }
  .site-map-home { width: 800px; max-width: none; top: 250px; right: -300px; }
  .page-hero { min-height: 360px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 680px; max-width: none; top: 70px; right: -280px; opacity: .92; }
  .poly-center-title { font-size: 27px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .home-hero { min-height: 720px; }
  .home-intro { padding-top: 58px; }
  .site-map-home { width: 720px; top: 305px; right: -330px; }
  .page-hero { min-height: 335px; padding-top: 42px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 610px; top: 84px; right: -315px; }
  .poly-label { font-size: 17px; }
  .poly-center-title,
  .poly-center-formula { display: none; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .poly-shape,
  .poly-support,
  .poly-label { animation: none; opacity: 1; }
}

/* Final placement: compact, top-right, and clear of the editorial text column. */
.site-map-home {
  top: -70px;
  right: -165px;
  width: min(58vw, 840px);
}
.site-map-compact {
  top: -96px;
  right: -140px;
  width: min(46vw, 640px);
}
.site-map-compact .poly-center-title,
.site-map-compact .poly-center-formula {
  display: none;
}
@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 770px; right: -205px; top: -52px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 610px; right: -210px; top: -82px; }
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 720px; top: 270px; right: -335px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 620px; top: 72px; right: -335px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 670px; top: 324px; right: -360px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 570px; top: 92px; right: -345px; }
}

/* Responsive separation: on narrow screens the map follows the text instead of crossing it. */
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .home-hero { min-height: 880px; }
  .site-map-home { width: 650px; top: 430px; right: -205px; }
  .page-hero { min-height: 410px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 560px; top: 145px; right: -180px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .home-hero { min-height: 910px; }
  .site-map-home { width: 520px; top: 515px; right: -145px; }
  .page-hero { min-height: 390px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 500px; top: 140px; right: -155px; }
  .poly-label { font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: .09em; }
}


/* v8: smooth convex acceptance set and its tangent envelope. */
.poly-shape {
  fill: url(#poly-fill);
  stroke: none;
}
.poly-glow {
  fill: url(#poly-glow);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.poly-frontier {
  stroke: rgba(31, 95, 142, .76);
  stroke-width: 1.35;
  stroke-linecap: round;
}
.poly-envelope {
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
  stroke-linecap: round;
}
.poly-envelope-one {
  stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .58);
  stroke-width: 1.1;
}
.poly-envelope-two {
  stroke: rgba(64, 132, 180, .18);
  stroke-width: 1;
}
.poly-envelope-three {
  stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .38);
  stroke-width: .9;
}
.poly-conjugate {
  stroke: rgba(35, 102, 151, .24);
  stroke-width: .9;
  stroke-dasharray: 2 7;
  stroke-linecap: round;
}
.poly-support {
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-width: 1.08;
}
.poly-grey { stroke: #e6edf2; }
.poly-dash { stroke-dasharray: 3 6; }
.poly-active-mark {
  fill: #eaf7fd;
  stroke: var(--blue-deep);
  stroke-width: 1.4;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.poly-link:hover .poly-active-mark,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-active-mark,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-active-mark {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1.18);
  transform-origin: center;
}
.poly-map {
  filter: drop-shadow(-20px 25px 34px rgba(23, 63, 96, .075));
}
.poly-center-title { font-size: 29px; }
.poly-center-formula { fill: rgba(23, 63, 96, .56); }

/* v8.1: rounded convex frontier and cleaner supporting-line envelope. */
.poly-frontier-halo {
  stroke: rgba(83, 160, 207, .12);
  stroke-width: 13;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.poly-envelope-one { stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .62); }
.poly-envelope-two { stroke: rgba(54, 124, 171, .15); }
.poly-envelope-three { stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .32); }
.poly-frontier { stroke-width: 1.25; }
.poly-support { stroke-width: 1.02; }
.poly-link:hover .poly-blue,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-blue,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-blue { stroke-width: 2.05; }

/* Editorial cleanup: neutral copy and integrated vertical vita timeline. */
.home-hero h1 {
  max-width: 520px;
  font-size: clamp(50px, 6vw, 72px);
  line-height: 1.02;
}
.hero-copy {
  max-width: 540px;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 2vw, 23px);
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.hero-affiliation { margin-top: 22px; }
#recent-publications .section-head h2 {
  font-size: clamp(34px, 4vw, 50px);
}
#recent-publications .section-head p:not(.section-label) {
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.page-title-block h1 {
  font-size: clamp(44px, 5.4vw, 66px);
}
.page-title-block .page-label { display: none; }

.vita-layout {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(310px, .75fr);
  gap: clamp(54px, 8vw, 108px);
  align-items: start;
}
.vita-prose {
  max-width: 760px;
}
.vita-prose > p:first-child {
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
}
.vita-prose p {
  margin: 0 0 1.35rem;
  color: var(--grey-800);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
}
.vita-right {
  display: grid;
  gap: 42px;
}
.vita-timeline h2,
.vita-side h2 {
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.vertical-career {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 28px;
}
.vertical-career::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 5px;
  top: 5px;
  bottom: 7px;
  width: 1px;
  background: var(--blue-light);
}
.vertical-career::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 1px;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--blue-light);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--blue-light);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.vertical-career-item {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 0 29px 0;
}
.vertical-career-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: -27px;
  top: 5px;
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border: 1px solid var(--blue);
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 50%;
}
.vertical-career-item time {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.vertical-career-item h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.25;
}
.vertical-career-item p {
  margin: 5px 0 0;
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.vita-side {
  padding-top: 30px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--grey-300);
}
.vita-side p {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  color: var(--grey-700);
}
.keyword-field {
  margin-top: 34px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--grey-300);
}
.keyword-row {
  grid-template-columns: 92px 1fr;
  padding: 15px 0;
}
.contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.contact-list { max-width: 820px; }

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .vita-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 52px; }
  .vita-right { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* Final editorial refinement: quieter, cleaner, more academic. */
:root {
  --blue: #377fae;
  --blue-dark: #245d84;
  --blue-deep: #173f5d;
  --blue-light: #dceef8;
  --blue-pale: #f2f8fc;
  --grey-900: #26333d;
  --grey-700: #66747f;
  --grey-500: #94a0a9;
  --grey-300: #d5dde3;
  --grey-200: #e8edf1;
  --grey-100: #f7f9fa;
  --max: 1120px;
}

body { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.62; }
.container { width: min(calc(100% - 64px), var(--max)); }

.site-header { background: rgba(255,255,255,.985); border-bottom-color: var(--grey-200); }
.header-inner { min-height: 70px; }
.brand-name { font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: -.015em; }
.brand-field { margin-top: 4px; font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .15em; }
.site-nav { gap: 27px; }
.site-nav a { padding: 24px 0 21px; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .08em; font-weight: 600; }
.nav-indicator { bottom: 14px; height: 1.5px; }

.home-hero {
  min-height: 560px;
  padding: clamp(74px, 8vw, 108px) 0 clamp(54px, 7vw, 86px);
  background: linear-gradient(116deg, #fff 0 78%, var(--blue-pale) 78% 100%);
}
.home-hero::before,
.home-hero::after,
.page-hero::before,
.page-hero::after,
.section-blue::after,
.section-grey::before,
.vita-section::before,
.vita-section::after,
.publications::before,
.publications::after { opacity: .32; }
.home-intro { position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.kicker { margin-bottom: 15px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .14em; }
.home-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(48px, 5.5vw, 68px); letter-spacing: -.038em; }
.hero-copy { max-width: 540px; margin-top: 22px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; }
.hero-affiliation { margin-top: 24px; padding-left: 14px; border-left-width: 2px; font-size: 12px; }

.site-map-home { opacity: .92; }
.site-map-compact { opacity: .84; }
.poly-map { filter: none; }
.poly-shape { opacity: .72; }
.poly-glow { opacity: .55; }
.poly-envelope { opacity: .58; }
.poly-frontier-halo { opacity: .3; }
.poly-center-title { font-size: 26px; font-weight: 400; }
.poly-center-formula { font-size: 12px; }
.poly-label { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .07em; }
.poly-link:hover .poly-label,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-label,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-label { font-weight: 700; }

.section { padding: clamp(72px, 7.5vw, 100px) 0; }
.section-head { grid-template-columns: 145px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 34px; margin-bottom: 38px; }
.section-label,
.page-label { margin-bottom: 14px; font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .15em; }
.section-head h2 { font-size: clamp(34px, 4.1vw, 48px); letter-spacing: -.03em; }
.section-head p:not(.section-label) { margin-top: 11px; font-size: 14px; }

#recent-publications .section-head { margin-bottom: 30px; }
.paper-stage { height: clamp(480px, 57vw, 610px); border-color: var(--grey-200); }
.paper-stage::before,
.paper-stage::after { width: 9%; }
.paper-card { width: min(330px, 36vw); filter: none; }
.paper-card[data-position='-1'] { --x: -89%; --scale: .80; --rotate-y: 14deg; --rotate-z: -1deg; --opacity: .6; }
.paper-card[data-position='1'] { --x: 89%; --scale: .80; --rotate-y: -14deg; --rotate-z: 1deg; --opacity: .6; }
.paper-card[data-position='-2'] { --x: -145%; --scale: .60; --rotate-y: 20deg; --rotate-z: -2deg; --opacity: .14; }
.paper-card[data-position='2'] { --x: 145%; --scale: .60; --rotate-y: -20deg; --rotate-z: 2deg; --opacity: .14; }
.paper-cover { padding: 13px; border-color: var(--grey-200); box-shadow: 0 17px 38px rgba(23,63,93,.09); }
.paper-cover::before { height: 4px; top: -4px; right: 62%; }
.paper-meta { min-height: 120px; padding-top: 16px; }
.paper-meta h3 { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.3; }
.paper-authors { margin-top: 7px; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.45; }
.carousel-bar { padding-top: 18px; }
.carousel-button { width: 38px; height: 38px; border-color: var(--grey-300); }
.carousel-note { margin-top: 13px; }

.page-hero {
  min-height: 320px;
  padding: 62px 0 38px;
  background: linear-gradient(118deg, #fff 0 82%, var(--blue-pale) 82% 100%);
}
.page-title-row { min-height: 170px; align-items: center; }
.page-title-block h1,
.page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(42px, 5vw, 60px); letter-spacing: -.035em; }
.site-map-compact { transform: scale(.82); transform-origin: top right; }

.publications,
.teaching-section,
.contact-section,
.vita-section { padding: 64px 0 96px; }
.publication-group { grid-template-columns: 110px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 36px; }
.publication-group + .publication-group { margin-top: 48px; }
.publication-year { padding-top: 17px; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.bib-entry { padding: 18px 0 20px; border-bottom-color: var(--grey-200); }
.bib-entry h2 { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.35; }
.bib-entry p { margin-top: 5px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--grey-700); }
.bib-arrow { font-size: 15px; }

.teaching-block + .teaching-block { margin-top: 70px; }
.teaching-block > h2 { margin-bottom: 21px; font-size: 28px; }
.course-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.course-row { grid-template-columns: 125px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 25px; padding: 19px 0; border-bottom-color: var(--grey-200); }
.course-year { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .05em; }
.course-row h3 { font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.38; }
.course-row p { margin-top: 4px; font-size: 12px; }
.course-link::after { bottom: -2px; height: 1px; }

.vita-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(300px,.75fr); gap: clamp(52px, 7vw, 82px); }
.vita-prose { max-width: 690px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75; }
.vita-prose > p:first-child { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--blue-deep); }
.vita-prose p { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.keyword-field { margin-top: 38px; border-top: 1px solid var(--grey-300); }
.keyword-row { grid-template-columns: 95px minmax(0,1fr); padding: 13px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-200); font-size: 12px; }
.keyword-row strong { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.vita-right { gap: 34px; }
.vita-timeline h2,
.vita-side h2 { font-size: 23px; }
.vertical-career { margin-top: 22px; }
.vertical-career::before { width: 1px; background: var(--grey-300); }
.vertical-career-item { padding: 0 0 27px 25px; }
.vertical-career-item::before { width: 7px; height: 7px; left: -3px; border: 1px solid var(--blue); background: #fff; }
.vertical-career-item time { font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.vertical-career-item h3 { margin-top: 4px; font-size: 17px; }
.vertical-career-item p { margin-top: 3px; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; }
.vita-side { padding: 21px 22px 23px; border-top-width: 2px; background: var(--grey-100); clip-path: none; }
.vita-side p { font-size: 12px; }

.contact-grid { max-width: 820px; }
.contact-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.contact-row { padding: 18px 0; border-bottom-color: var(--grey-200); }
.contact-row dt { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.contact-row dd { font-size: 14px; }

.site-footer { border-top-color: var(--grey-200); }
.footer-inner { min-height: 80px; font-size: 11px; color: var(--grey-700); }
.footer-links { gap: 22px; }

.text-link { font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .04em; }
.reveal { transform: translateY(10px); }

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .container { width: min(calc(100% - 36px), var(--max)); }
  .page-hero { min-height: 300px; padding-top: 48px; }
  .site-map-compact { transform: scale(.72); transform-origin: top right; }
  .publication-group { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 9px; }
  .publication-year { padding-top: 0; }
  .vita-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .course-row { grid-template-columns: 105px minmax(0,1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .container { width: min(calc(100% - 28px), var(--max)); }
  .header-inner { min-height: 64px; }
  .brand-name { font-size: 18px; }
  .home-hero { min-height: 0; padding: 62px 0 44px; }
  .home-hero h1 { font-size: 45px; }
  .hero-copy { font-size: 15px; }
  .section { padding: 62px 0; }
  .section-head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 7px; }
  .section-head h2 { font-size: 34px; }
  .paper-stage { height: 510px; }
  .paper-card { width: min(285px, 76vw); }
  .paper-card[data-position='-1'] { --x: -73%; --scale: .68; --opacity: .28; }
  .paper-card[data-position='1'] { --x: 73%; --scale: .68; --opacity: .28; }
  .page-hero { min-height: 270px; padding: 42px 0 25px; }
  .site-map-compact { opacity: .68; transform: scale(.62); }
  .publications, .teaching-section, .contact-section, .vita-section { padding: 50px 0 72px; }
  .course-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 5px; }
  .vita-prose > p:first-child { font-size: 21px; }
}

/* v9: clearer convex envelope, wider tangent spacing, and a more central placement. */
.site-map-home {
  top: -58px;
  right: -62px;
  width: min(63vw, 900px);
}
.site-map-compact {
  top: -88px;
  right: -48px;
  width: min(51vw, 700px);
}
.poly-shape { opacity: .84; }
.poly-glow { opacity: .68; }
.poly-frontier {
  stroke: rgba(25, 91, 141, .9);
  stroke-width: 1.7;
}
.poly-frontier-halo {
  stroke: rgba(65, 151, 203, .16);
  stroke-width: 16;
  opacity: .8;
}
.poly-envelope { opacity: .92; }
.poly-envelope-one {
  stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);
  stroke-width: 1.25;
}
.poly-envelope-two {
  stroke: rgba(35, 113, 166, .24);
  stroke-width: 1.15;
}
.poly-envelope-three {
  stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, .56);
  stroke-width: 1.05;
}
.poly-envelope-four {
  stroke: rgba(28, 99, 151, .16);
  stroke-width: 1;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.poly-conjugate {
  stroke: rgba(25, 91, 141, .3);
  stroke-width: 1;
  stroke-dasharray: 3 8;
}
.poly-support { stroke-width: 1.12; }
.poly-grey { stroke: #d9e3ea; }
.poly-link:hover .poly-blue,
.poly-link:focus-visible .poly-blue,
.poly-link.is-active .poly-blue { stroke-width: 2.2; }
.poly-label { paint-order: stroke; stroke: rgba(255,255,255,.75); stroke-width: 3px; }
@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 800px; right: -118px; top: -42px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 640px; right: -112px; top: -72px; }
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 790px; right: -245px; top: 238px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 670px; right: -220px; top: 68px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 700px; right: -285px; top: 302px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 600px; right: -270px; top: 82px; }
}

/* v10: Fenchel-duality navigation based on the supplied sketches. */
.fenchel-map {
  overflow: visible;
  filter: none;
}
.fenchel-wash {
  pointer-events: none;
  stroke: none;
}
.fenchel-wash-upper { fill: url(#fenchel-upper-fill); opacity: .38; }
.fenchel-wash-lower { fill: url(#fenchel-lower-fill); opacity: .34; }
.fenchel-curve,
.fenchel-line,
.fenchel-guide {
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  stroke-linecap: round;
}
.fenchel-curve {
  stroke: #2b78a8;
  stroke-width: 1.45;
}
.fenchel-line {
  stroke: #1f6592;
  stroke-width: 1.05;
}
.fenchel-vertical {
  stroke: #4e6779;
  stroke-width: .95;
}
.fenchel-guide {
  stroke: rgba(31,101,146,.28);
  stroke-width: .75;
  stroke-dasharray: 3 7;
}
.fenchel-hit-line,
.fenchel-hit-curve {
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 18;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.fenchel-point {
  fill: #fff;
  stroke: #174d70;
  stroke-width: 1.3;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.fenchel-point-soft {
  opacity: .55;
}
.fenchel-label {
  fill: #7dbadd;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 430;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  stroke: rgba(255,255,255,.9);
  stroke-width: 3.5px;
  paint-order: stroke;
  transition: fill .22s ease, font-weight .22s ease, transform .22s ease;
}
.fenchel-line-link:hover .fenchel-line,
.fenchel-line-link:focus-visible .fenchel-line,
.fenchel-line-link.is-active .fenchel-line,
.fenchel-curve-link:hover .fenchel-curve,
.fenchel-curve-link:focus-visible .fenchel-curve,
.fenchel-curve-link.is-active .fenchel-curve {
  stroke: #13557f;
  stroke-width: 2;
}
.fenchel-line-link:hover .fenchel-label,
.fenchel-line-link:focus-visible .fenchel-label,
.fenchel-line-link.is-active .fenchel-label,
.fenchel-curve-link:hover .fenchel-label,
.fenchel-curve-link:focus-visible .fenchel-label,
.fenchel-curve-link.is-active .fenchel-label {
  fill: #174f75;
  font-weight: 650;
}
.fenchel-line-link:focus-visible,
.fenchel-curve-link:focus-visible { outline: none; }

.site-map-home {
  width: min(62vw, 835px);
  right: -72px;
  top: -52px;
}
.site-map-compact {
  width: min(48vw, 640px);
  right: -56px;
  top: -80px;
}
@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 760px; right: -225px; top: 245px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 620px; right: -205px; top: 68px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 650px; right: -310px; top: 315px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 550px; right: -265px; top: 92px; }
  .fenchel-label { font-size: 17px; }
}

/* v11: support-envelope navigation. */
.support-envelope-map {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  overflow: visible;
}
.envelope-shape {
  fill: url(#support-envelope-fill);
  stroke: #4b9ac8;
  stroke-width: 1.35;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.envelope-contour {
  stroke: rgba(255,255,255,.7);
  stroke-width: 1;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.envelope-contour-two { stroke: rgba(55,127,174,.12); }
.envelope-line {
  stroke: #8cc4e2;
  stroke-width: 1.2;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  transition: stroke .2s ease, stroke-width .2s ease, opacity .2s ease;
}
.envelope-hit {
  stroke: transparent;
  stroke-width: 20;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}
.envelope-point {
  fill: #fff;
  stroke: #75b7da;
  stroke-width: 1.15;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  transition: fill .2s ease, stroke .2s ease, r .2s ease;
}
.envelope-label {
  fill: #8cc4e2;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .055em;
  paint-order: stroke;
  stroke: rgba(255,255,255,.94);
  stroke-width: 4px;
  transition: fill .2s ease, font-weight .2s ease;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-line,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-line,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-line {
  stroke: #236f9e;
  stroke-width: 2.3;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-point,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-point,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-point {
  fill: #236f9e;
  stroke: #236f9e;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-label,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-label,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-label {
  fill: #1f5f87;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.envelope-link:focus-visible { outline: none; }

.site-map-home {
  width: min(63vw, 860px);
  top: -52px;
  right: -74px;
  opacity: 1;
}
.site-map-compact {
  width: min(52vw, 700px);
  top: -78px;
  right: -54px;
  opacity: .96;
  transform: none;
}

@media (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-header .site-nav { display: none; }
  .menu-toggle { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 780px; right: -190px; top: 235px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 620px; right: -165px; top: 58px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 670px; right: -300px; top: 302px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 560px; right: -250px; top: 88px; transform: none; }
  .envelope-label { font-size: 16px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 610px; right: -310px; top: 355px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 520px; right: -260px; top: 95px; }
}
.support-envelope-map { pointer-events: auto; }
@media (max-width: 1120px) and (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 720px; right: -135px; top: -46px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 590px; right: -120px; top: -68px; }
}

/* v12: compact right-aligned envelope with labels inside. */
.envelope-label {
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: .045em;
  stroke-width: 3px;
}
.site-map-home {
  width: min(54vw, 760px);
  right: -92px;
  top: -58px;
}
.site-map-compact {
  width: min(45vw, 620px);
  right: -76px;
  top: -86px;
}
@media (max-width: 1120px) and (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 650px; right: -110px; top: -50px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 540px; right: -95px; top: -74px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 590px; right: -265px; top: 300px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 500px; right: -225px; top: 82px; }
  .envelope-label { font-size: 15px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 550px; right: -270px; top: 350px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 470px; right: -230px; top: 90px; }
}


/* v13: slightly larger envelope; labels closer to their support points. */
.site-map-home {
  width: min(58vw, 810px);
  right: -88px;
  top: -62px;
}
.site-map-compact {
  width: min(48vw, 660px);
  right: -72px;
  top: -90px;
}
@media (max-width: 1120px) and (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 690px; right: -108px; top: -54px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 575px; right: -92px; top: -78px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 620px; right: -278px; top: 294px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 525px; right: -232px; top: 78px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-home { width: 580px; right: -286px; top: 344px; }
  .site-map-compact { width: 495px; right: -238px; top: 86px; }
}


/* v14: homepage-only envelope menu; conventional horizontal navigation elsewhere. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .site-header .site-nav {
    display: flex;
  }
  body.home-page .site-header .site-nav {
    display: none;
  }
}
.envelope-band {
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity .22s ease;
}
.envelope-terminal {
  stroke: #8cc4e2;
  stroke-width: 1.2;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
  stroke-dasharray: 5 4;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
  transition: stroke .2s ease, stroke-width .2s ease;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-band,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-band {
  opacity: .20;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-terminal,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-terminal,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-terminal {
  stroke: #236f9e;
  stroke-width: 2.3;
}


/* v15: lower homepage map, longer solid support lines, and terminal fade bands. */
.site-map-home { top: -34px; }
.envelope-band { opacity: 0; }
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-band,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-band { opacity: .20; }
@media (max-width: 1120px) and (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-map-home { top: -30px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-map-home { top: 314px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .site-map-home { top: 364px; }
}


/* v16: remove Home support line and preserve the SVG terminal fade. */
.envelope-band {
  opacity: 0;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-band,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-band {
  opacity: .26;
}


/* v17: keep internal contours unfilled; make the Contact terminal fade fully visible. */
.envelope-contour {
  fill: none;
}

/* v18: longer supports, three explicit dashes at both ends, and two-sided band fade. */
.envelope-terminal {
  stroke-dasharray: none;
  stroke-linecap: butt;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-band,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-band {
  opacity: .30;
}


/* v19: labels match the convex-set frontier; lighter interior fill. */
.envelope-label { fill: #4b9ac8; }


/* v20: content and navigation refinements. */
.home-profile-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 170px;
  gap: 34px;
  align-items: end;
  max-width: 650px;
}
.home-profile-copy > .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.home-portrait { margin: 0; width: 170px; height: 224px; border: 1px solid var(--grey-300); overflow: hidden; background: var(--grey-100); }
.home-portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: 63% 45%; }
.home-email { margin: 15px 0 0; font-size: 13px; }
.home-email a { color: var(--blue-dark); text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 4px; }

.footer-page-nav {
  min-height: 104px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 18px 34px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
.footer-page-nav a { color: #fff; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: .04em; text-decoration: none; }
.footer-page-nav a:hover, .footer-page-nav a:focus-visible { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 5px; }

.research-list { max-width: 1040px; }
.research-section + .research-section { margin-top: 78px; }
.research-section-title { margin: 0 0 28px; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(30px,4vw,42px); font-weight: 400; }
.numbered-bibliography { border-top-width: 1px; }
.bib-entry-abstract { grid-template-columns: 52px minmax(0,1fr) 28px; gap: 18px; padding: 24px 0; }
.bib-number { color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; padding-top: 5px; }
.bib-content h3 { margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.35; }
.bib-content h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.bib-content h3 a:hover { color: var(--blue); }
.bib-meta { margin: 6px 0 0; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 13px; }
.abstract-disclosure { margin-top: 12px; border-top: 1px solid var(--grey-200); }
.abstract-disclosure summary { width: max-content; padding: 9px 20px 0 0; color: var(--blue-dark); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; cursor: pointer; list-style: none; }
.abstract-disclosure summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.abstract-disclosure summary::after { content: '+'; margin-left: 8px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 400; }
.abstract-disclosure[open] summary::after { content: '−'; }
.abstract-disclosure p { max-width: 790px; margin: 10px 0 2px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7; }
.bib-arrow-placeholder { display: block; }

.teaching-years { max-width: 960px; }
.academic-year { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 150px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 36px; }
.academic-year + .academic-year { margin-top: 56px; }
.academic-year > h2 { margin: 3px 0 0; color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.grouped-course { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: 20px 0; }

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-profile-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 116px; gap: 20px; align-items: start; }
  .home-portrait { width: 116px; height: 154px; }
  .bib-entry-abstract { grid-template-columns: 38px minmax(0,1fr) 22px; gap: 10px; }
  .academic-year { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; }
  .academic-year + .academic-year { margin-top: 44px; }
}
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .home-profile-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .home-portrait { width: 132px; height: 174px; }
}

/* v21: consistent Curriculum fade and portrait-led homepage introduction. */
.home-profile-layout {
  grid-template-columns: 208px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 46px;
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 760px;
}
.home-portrait {
  position: relative;
  width: 208px;
  height: 274px;
  overflow: visible;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  isolation: isolate;
}
.home-portrait::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -2;
  inset: -16px 18px 18px -18px;
  background: rgba(205, 233, 247, .82);
  clip-path: polygon(0 8%, 100% 0, 92% 100%, 8% 94%);
}
.home-portrait::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  inset: 12px -13px -13px 14px;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(75, 154, 200, .72);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(75, 154, 200, .72);
  transform: skewY(-4deg);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.home-portrait-frame {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  inset: -7px -7px 7px 7px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(35, 111, 158, .68);
  border-left: 1px solid rgba(35, 111, 158, .68);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.home-portrait img {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 63% 45%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(28, 63, 91, .28);
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 144px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 26px;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .home-portrait { width: 144px; height: 190px; }
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .home-profile-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .home-portrait { width: 154px; height: 202px; margin-left: 14px; }
}

/* v22: compact five-paper carousel and portrait in every page title area. */
.page-title-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 118px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 30px;
  align-items: center;
}
.page-title-portrait {
  position: relative;
  width: 104px;
  height: 132px;
  margin: 0;
  isolation: isolate;
}
.page-title-portrait::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -2;
  inset: -8px 9px 9px -10px;
  background: rgba(205, 233, 247, .72);
  clip-path: polygon(0 8%, 100% 0, 92% 100%, 7% 94%);
}
.page-title-portrait::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  inset: 7px -7px -7px 8px;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(75, 154, 200, .58);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(75, 154, 200, .58);
  transform: skewY(-4deg);
}
.page-title-portrait-frame {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  inset: -4px -4px 4px 4px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(35, 111, 158, .55);
  border-left: 1px solid rgba(35, 111, 158, .55);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.page-title-portrait img {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 63% 45%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(28, 63, 91, .22);
}
.home-profile-copy .hero-copy {
  line-height: 1.7;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .page-title-row { grid-template-columns: 82px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 20px; }
  .page-title-portrait { width: 76px; height: 98px; }
}


/* v23: remove redundant homepage kicker and shift the portrait-led block left. */
.home-intro .home-profile-layout {
  transform: translateX(-34px);
}
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .home-intro .home-profile-layout { transform: translateX(-18px); }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-intro .home-profile-layout { transform: none; }
}

/* v24: refined publication-list cue and larger homepage portrait. */
.text-link::after {
  content: '';
  font-size: 1.15em;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1;
  transform-origin: center;
}
.text-link:hover::after {
  transform: translate(3px, -3px);
}
.home-profile-layout {
  grid-template-columns: 244px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 52px;
  max-width: 830px;
}
.home-portrait {
  width: 244px;
  height: 322px;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 162px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 28px;
  }
  .home-portrait {
    width: 162px;
    height: 214px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .home-profile-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .home-portrait {
    width: 176px;
    height: 232px;
  }
}


/* v25: definitive Contacts fade and a slightly more leftward homepage profile. */
.home-intro .home-profile-layout {
  transform: translateX(-52px);
}
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .home-intro .home-profile-layout { transform: translateX(-28px); }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-intro .home-profile-layout { transform: none; }
}

/* v26: distinct desktop/mobile presentation. */
.mobile-home-nav { display: none; }

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  /* The desktop support-envelope is replaced by a concise touch-first menu. */
  .home-page .site-map-home { display: none !important; }
  .mobile-home-nav {
    display: grid;
    width: calc(100% - 32px);
    margin: 34px 16px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--blue-dark);
  }
  .mobile-home-nav a {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 32px minmax(0, 1fr) 24px;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    min-height: 58px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-200);
    color: var(--blue-deep);
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  .mobile-home-nav a:active { background: rgba(205, 233, 247, .42); }
  .mobile-home-nav span {
    color: var(--blue);
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: .08em;
  }
  .mobile-home-nav strong {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 400;
  }
  .mobile-home-nav i {
    color: var(--blue);
    font-size: 17px;
    font-style: normal;
    text-align: right;
  }

  .home-hero { padding-top: 34px; padding-bottom: 42px; }
  .home-intro { padding-inline: 20px; }
  .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 112px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    gap: 20px !important;
    align-items: center;
    max-width: none;
  }
  .home-portrait {
    width: 112px !important;
    height: 148px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }
  .home-profile-copy h1 { font-size: clamp(35px, 10vw, 48px); line-height: .98; }
  .home-profile-copy .hero-copy { margin-top: 14px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.55; }
  .home-email { margin-top: 12px; font-size: 12px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

  .page-hero { padding: 34px 0 28px; }
  .page-title-row {
    grid-template-columns: 66px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    gap: 16px !important;
    padding-inline: 20px;
  }
  .page-title-portrait { width: 62px !important; height: 80px !important; }
  .page-title-block h1 { font-size: clamp(34px, 10vw, 48px); }

  .publications, .teaching-section, .vita-section, .contact-section { padding: 38px 0 58px !important; }
  .research-list, .teaching-years, .vita-section > .container, .contact-section > .container { padding-inline: 20px; }
  .research-section + .research-section { margin-top: 54px; }
  .research-section-title { margin-bottom: 18px; font-size: 30px; }
  .bib-entry-abstract {
    grid-template-columns: 28px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    padding: 18px 0 !important;
  }
  .bib-arrow-placeholder { display: none; }
  .bib-number { padding-top: 3px; font-size: 10px; }
  .bib-content h3 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.34; }
  .bib-meta { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.55; }
  .abstract-disclosure { margin-top: 9px; }
  .abstract-disclosure summary { padding-top: 7px; font-size: 10px; }
  .abstract-disclosure p { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.62; }

  .academic-year { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; gap: 8px !important; }
  .academic-year + .academic-year { margin-top: 36px !important; }
  .academic-year > h2 { font-size: 11px; margin-bottom: 1px; }
  .grouped-course { padding: 14px 0 !important; }
  .grouped-course h3 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.35; }
  .grouped-course p { margin-top: 5px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; }

  .vita-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; gap: 46px !important; }
  .vita-prose { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.72; }
  .vita-prose p + p { margin-top: 16px; }
  .keyword-field { margin-top: 30px; }
  .keyword-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; gap: 5px !important; padding: 13px 0; }
  .keyword-row strong { font-size: 10px; }
  .keyword-row span { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.55; }
  .vita-timeline h2, .vita-side h2 { font-size: 24px; }
  .vertical-career { margin-top: 20px; }
  .vertical-career-item { padding: 0 0 25px 20px; }
  .vertical-career-item time { font-size: 10px; }
  .vertical-career-item h3 { margin-top: 5px; font-size: 17px; }
  .vertical-career-item p { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; }
  .vita-side { margin-top: 0; padding-top: 25px; }

  .footer-page-nav {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 10px 18px;
    padding: 22px 20px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 430px) {
  .home-profile-layout { grid-template-columns: 94px minmax(0, 1fr) !important; gap: 16px !important; }
  .home-portrait { width: 94px !important; height: 126px !important; }
  .home-profile-copy h1 { font-size: 35px; }
  .home-profile-copy .hero-copy { font-size: 12px; }
  .mobile-home-nav { margin-top: 28px; }
}


/* v27: support-envelope navigation on every desktop page. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-header .site-nav,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-header .site-nav {
    display: none !important;
  }
  .menu-toggle { display: none !important; }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-hero {
    min-height: 350px;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-row {
    max-width: 540px;
  }
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    top: -72px;
    right: -60px;
    width: min(57vw, 760px);
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: none;
  }
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact .support-envelope-map {
    pointer-events: auto;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 761px) and (max-width: 1120px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    top: -42px;
    right: -118px;
    width: 650px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    display: none !important;
  }
}

/* v28: clearer labels in the desktop support-line menu. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  .envelope-label {
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: .04em;
  }
  .envelope-link:hover .envelope-label,
  .envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-label,
  .envelope-link.is-active .envelope-label {
    font-weight: 800;
  }
}


/* v21: keep the complete graphical menu visible on internal desktop pages. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    top: -44px;
  }
}


/* v29: preserve the homepage support-envelope proportions on every desktop page.
   Internal pages differ only by vertical placement. */
@media (min-width: 1121px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-hero {
    min-height: 370px;
  }
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    width: min(58vw, 810px);
    right: -88px;
    top: -28px;
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 761px) and (max-width: 1120px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-hero {
    min-height: 350px;
  }
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    width: 690px;
    right: -108px;
    top: -18px;
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}


/* v30: portrait-led title area on internal pages; regular-weight graphical menu labels. */
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block {
  align-self: center;
}
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: clamp(18px, 2vw, 24px);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  line-height: 1.15;
}
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-size: clamp(39px, 4.6vw, 58px);
  line-height: 1;
}
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-row {
    grid-template-columns: 118px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
    font-size: clamp(31px, 9vw, 43px);
  }
}
.envelope-label,
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-label,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-label,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-label {
  font-weight: 400 !important;
}

/* v25: research content must be visible immediately */
body:has(.research-list) .page-title-row.reveal,
body:has(.research-list) .page-title-portrait.reveal,
body:has(.research-list) .page-title-block.reveal,
body:has(.research-list) .site-map-wrap.reveal,
body:has(.research-list) .research-section.reveal {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
}

/* Slightly smaller labels in the line-based desktop menu */
.envelope-label {
  font-size: 13px;
}

@media (max-width: 980px) and (min-width: 761px) {
  .envelope-label { font-size: 12.5px; }
}

/* v26: uppercase grey heading labels; slightly smaller name on internal pages. */
.brand-field,
.section-label,
.kicker,
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.65vw, 21px);
  letter-spacing: .025em;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}

/* v27: internal-page heading hierarchy — name in blue, page title in bold grey. */
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(19px, 1.9vw, 24px);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  line-height: 1.1;
  text-transform: none;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3.8vw, 46px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  line-height: 1.05;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-size: 17px;
  }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
    font-size: clamp(25px, 7.5vw, 34px);
    letter-spacing: .065em;
  }
}

/* v29 requested refinements */
.home-page .hero-copy {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .035em;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
  font-size: clamp(17px, 1.65vw, 21px);
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  font-size: clamp(27px, 3.35vw, 41px);
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
    font-size: clamp(23px, 6.8vw, 31px);
  }
}


/* v30: requested typography refinement and Contacts slope. */
.home-page .hero-copy {
  text-transform: none;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .015em;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: clamp(27px, 3.35vw, 41px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .015em;
  line-height: 1.08;
  text-transform: none;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
    font-size: clamp(24px, 7vw, 32px);
    letter-spacing: .01em;
  }
}


/* v31: steeper Contacts line, quieter mobile navigation, wider portrait/name spacing. */
.home-profile-layout {
  gap: 72px;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .mobile-home-nav a {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
    gap: 18px;
    min-height: 62px;
  }
  .mobile-home-nav a::after {
    content: "";
    justify-self: end;
    width: 24px;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--blue);
    box-shadow: 18px 0 0 -0.5px var(--blue);
    opacity: .72;
    transition: width .2s ease, opacity .2s ease;
  }
  .mobile-home-nav a:active::after,
  .mobile-home-nav a:focus-visible::after {
    width: 30px;
    opacity: 1;
  }
  .mobile-home-nav span,
  .mobile-home-nav i {
    display: none !important;
  }
  .home-profile-layout {
    gap: 38px !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .home-profile-layout {
    gap: 34px !important;
  }
}

/* v32: keep the complete mobile homepage navigation above decorative layers. */
.home-hero::before,
.home-hero::after {
  pointer-events: none;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .mobile-home-nav {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10;
  }

  .mobile-home-nav a {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: auto;
    touch-action: manipulation;
  }
}


/* v35: Contacts at 40 degrees; compact uppercase grey heading text. */
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.7vw, 33px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .075em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.home-page .hero-copy {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .055em;
  line-height: 1.65;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
    font-size: clamp(20px, 6vw, 27px);
    letter-spacing: .06em;
  }

  .home-page .hero-copy {
    font-size: 13px;
    letter-spacing: .045em;
  }
}

/* v36: larger portraits on internal pages only. */
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-row {
  grid-template-columns: 136px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 32px;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-portrait {
  width: 122px;
  height: 156px;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-row {
    grid-template-columns: 82px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    gap: 18px !important;
  }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-portrait {
    width: 74px !important;
    height: 96px !important;
  }
}


/* v39: inverted internal-page heading hierarchy; portraits remain homepage-only. */
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-row {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
  gap: 0 !important;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: clamp(12px, 1.05vw, 14px);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  color: var(--blue);
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(38px, 5.2vw, 66px);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
  line-height: 1.02;
  text-transform: none;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-name {
    margin-bottom: 7px;
    font-size: 11px;
    letter-spacing: .105em;
  }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
    font-size: clamp(31px, 9vw, 44px);
    letter-spacing: -.02em;
  }
}

/* v40: match internal page titles to the homepage name blue. */
body:not(.home-page) .page-title-block h1 {
  color: var(--blue-deep);
}

/* v42: identical desktop support-line menu placement and entrance motion on every page. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  .site-map-home,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: -34px !important;
    right: -88px !important;
    width: min(58vw, 810px) !important;
    max-width: none !important;
    min-height: 570px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important;
    transform-origin: top right !important;
  }

  .site-map-home .support-envelope-map,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact .support-envelope-map {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: auto !important;
    min-height: 0 !important;
    transform: none !important;
    transform-origin: top right !important;
    animation: envelope-menu-settle .48s cubic-bezier(.22,.8,.3,1) both;
  }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-hero {
    min-height: 570px !important;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 761px) and (max-width: 1120px) {
  .site-map-home,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact {
    top: -30px !important;
    right: -108px !important;
    width: 690px !important;
  }
}

@keyframes envelope-menu-settle {
  0%   { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-5px); }
  62%  { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(3px); }
  100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .site-map-home .support-envelope-map,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-map-compact .support-envelope-map {
    animation: none !important;
  }
}


/* v43: one professional, persistent mobile navigation list on every page. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .menu-toggle,
  .mobile-home-nav {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .site-header {
    position: relative;
    backdrop-filter: none;
  }

  .site-header::after {
    display: none;
  }

  .header-inner {
    display: block;
    min-height: 0;
    padding: 18px 0 14px;
  }

  .brand {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
  }

  .site-header .site-nav,
  body.home-page .site-header .site-nav,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-header .site-nav {
    position: static !important;
    inset: auto !important;
    display: grid !important;
    width: 100%;
    gap: 0;
    padding: 0;
    background: transparent;
    border: 1px solid var(--grey-200);
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .site-nav a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 44px;
    padding: 10px 14px !important;
    border: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-200);
    color: var(--blue-deep);
    background: #fff;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: .045em;
    line-height: 1.2;
    text-transform: none;
    transition: background-color .18s ease, color .18s ease;
  }

  .site-nav a:last-of-type {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .site-nav a::before,
  .site-nav a::after {
    display: none !important;
    content: none !important;
  }

  .site-nav a:hover,
  .site-nav a:focus-visible {
    color: var(--blue-dark);
    background: var(--grey-100);
  }

  .site-nav a[aria-current='page'] {
    color: var(--blue-deep);
    background: #e7ebee;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--blue);
    padding-left: 10px !important;
    font-weight: 700;
  }

  .nav-indicator {
    display: none !important;
  }

  /* The graphical envelope remains a desktop-only navigation device. */
  .site-map-home,
  .site-map-compact {
    display: none !important;
  }
}

/* Neutral link markers: no arrow glyphs. */
.bib-arrow { font-size: 11px !important; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 600; }
.carousel-button { min-width: 74px; font-size: 12px !important; letter-spacing: .04em; text-transform: uppercase; }

/* v45: content is always visible; compact desktop page headings. */
.reveal,
.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  transform: none !important;
  transition: none !important;
}

@media (min-width: 761px) {
  body:not(.home-page) .page-hero {
    min-height: 382px !important;
    padding-top: 58px !important;
    padding-bottom: 18px !important;
  }

  body:not(.home-page) .page-title-row {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
  }
}

/* Remove the decorative background band from the graphical menu area. */
.home-hero::after,
.page-hero::after {
  content: none !important;
  display: none !important;
}

/* Final fix: remove the background gradient band behind the desktop line menu. */
.home-hero,
.page-hero {
  background: #ffffff !important;
  background-image: none !important;
}

/* v52: UNIMI institutional palette, conference ticker and discreet institutional mark. */
:root {
  --blue: #003366;
  --blue-dark: #003366;
  --blue-deep: #003366;
  --blue-light: #d8e2ec;
  --blue-pale: #edf2f7;
  --grey-900: #171717;
  --grey-700: #707173;
  --grey-500: #707173;
  --grey-300: #c6c7c8;
  --grey-200: #e1e1e2;
  --grey-100: #f4f4f4;
}

body { color: #171717; }
.home-hero,
.page-hero { background: #fff !important; background-image: none !important; }

.brand-name,
.home-profile-copy h1,
.home-email a,
.page-title-block h1,
.section-head h2,
.research-section-title,
.bib-content h3,
.bib-content h3 a,
.course-row h3,
.course-row h3 a,
.vita-prose h2,
.vita-timeline h2,
.vita-side h2,
.contact-list a,
.text-link,
.abstract-disclosure summary,
.bib-number,
.academic-year > h2,
.carousel-status strong { color: #003366; }

.brand-field,
.page-title-name,
.hero-copy,
.section-label,
.paper-authors,
.bib-meta,
.course-row p,
.vertical-career-item time,
.vertical-career-item p,
.contact-list dt,
.contact-list dd,
.carousel-status span,
.carousel-note { color: #707173; }

.site-nav a { color: #707173; }
.site-nav a:hover,
.site-nav a:focus-visible,
.site-nav a[aria-current='page'] { color: #003366; }
.nav-indicator,
.site-header::after,
.carousel-trackline span { background: #003366; }
.site-header { border-bottom-color: rgba(112,113,115,.34); }

.envelope-line,
.envelope-terminal { stroke: rgba(0,51,102,.58) !important; }
.envelope-point { fill: #fff !important; stroke: #003366 !important; }
.envelope-label { fill: #003366 !important; stroke: rgba(255,255,255,.96) !important; }
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-line,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-line,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-line,
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-terminal,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-terminal,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-terminal { stroke: #003366 !important; }
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-point,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-point,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-point { fill: #003366 !important; stroke: #003366 !important; }
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-label,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-label,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-label { fill: #003366 !important; }

#recent-publications {
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 7% 18%, rgba(0,51,102,.075) 0, rgba(0,51,102,.035) 18%, transparent 43%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 93% 78%, rgba(112,113,115,.085) 0, rgba(112,113,115,.035) 20%, transparent 46%);
}
.publications {
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 5% 12%, rgba(0,51,102,.065) 0, rgba(0,51,102,.025) 22%, transparent 48%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 96% 54%, rgba(112,113,115,.075) 0, rgba(112,113,115,.03) 20%, transparent 46%);
}
.teaching-section {
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 91% 10%, rgba(112,113,115,.075) 0, rgba(112,113,115,.025) 22%, transparent 47%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 4% 73%, rgba(0,51,102,.065) 0, rgba(0,51,102,.025) 20%, transparent 44%);
}
.vita-section {
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 12% 31%, rgba(0,51,102,.06) 0, rgba(0,51,102,.02) 23%, transparent 48%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 94% 84%, rgba(112,113,115,.075) 0, rgba(112,113,115,.025) 20%, transparent 45%);
}
.contact-section {
  background-color: #fff;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 88% 21%, rgba(0,51,102,.07) 0, rgba(0,51,102,.025) 22%, transparent 49%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 8% 82%, rgba(112,113,115,.08) 0, rgba(112,113,115,.025) 21%, transparent 46%);
}

.conference-banner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 6;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-top: 3px solid #707173;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #003366;
  color: #fff;
  background: #003366;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.conference-banner:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid #707173; outline-offset: -3px; }
.conference-banner-track {
  display: flex;
  width: max-content;
  min-width: 200%;
  align-items: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
  animation: conference-ticker 25s linear infinite;
  will-change: transform;
}
.conference-banner-track > span {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 12px 68px 11px 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: .045em;
}
.conference-banner-track strong { font-weight: 700; }
.conference-banner:hover .conference-banner-track,
.conference-banner:focus-visible .conference-banner-track { animation-play-state: paused; }
@keyframes conference-ticker {
  from { transform: translateX(0); }
  to { transform: translateX(-33.3333%); }
}
.sr-only {
  position: absolute !important;
  width: 1px !important;
  height: 1px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  margin: -1px !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  clip: rect(0,0,0,0) !important;
  white-space: nowrap !important;
  border: 0 !important;
}

.site-footer { background: #003366; min-height: 118px; }
.site-footer::before { background: rgba(112,113,115,.34); }
.footer-page-nav { padding-left: 176px; padding-right: 176px; }
.footer-page-nav a { color: #fff; }
.footer-unimi-logo {
  position: absolute;
  right: 24px;
  top: 50%;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 142px;
  height: auto;
  padding: 7px 9px;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.96);
  opacity: .88;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .footer-page-nav { padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 170px; justify-content: flex-start; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-nav a { color: #707173; }
  .site-nav a:hover,
  .site-nav a:focus-visible,
  .site-nav a[aria-current='page'] { color: #003366; }
  .site-nav a[aria-current='page'] { background: rgba(112,113,115,.14); border-left-color: #003366; }
  .conference-banner-track > span { padding-right: 46px; font-size: 11px; }
  .conference-banner-track { animation-duration: 20s; }
  .footer-page-nav { min-height: 82px; padding: 22px 24px 14px; justify-content: center; }
  .footer-unimi-logo { position: static; display: block; width: 126px; margin: 0 auto 20px; transform: none; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .conference-banner-track { width: auto; min-width: 0; justify-content: center; animation: none; }
  .conference-banner-track > span:not(:first-child) { display: none; }
}

/* v53: seamless conference ticker and Teaching office-hours note */
.conference-banner-track {
  display: flex;
  width: max-content;
  min-width: 0;
  align-items: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
  animation: conference-ticker-continuous 32s linear infinite;
  will-change: transform;
}
.conference-banner-group {
  display: flex;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  align-items: center;
}
.conference-banner-item {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 12px 68px 11px 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  letter-spacing: .045em;
}
@keyframes conference-ticker-continuous {
  from { transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); }
  to { transform: translate3d(-50%, 0, 0); }
}
.teaching-office-hours {
  max-width: 520px;
  margin: 15px 0 0;
  color: var(--grey-600, #707173);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  letter-spacing: .01em;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .conference-banner-track {
    animation-duration: 24s;
  }
  .conference-banner-item {
    padding-right: 46px;
    font-size: 11px;
  }
  .teaching-office-hours {
    margin-top: 12px;
    font-size: 13px;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .conference-banner-track {
    animation: none;
    transform: none;
  }
  .conference-banner-group:nth-child(2) {
    display: none;
  }
}


/* v54: lighter inactive support lines and softer support half-planes. */
.envelope-line,
.envelope-terminal {
  stroke: rgba(0, 51, 102, .28) !important;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-band,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-band {
  opacity: .17 !important;
}
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-line,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-line,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-line,
.envelope-link:hover .envelope-terminal,
.envelope-link:focus-visible .envelope-terminal,
.envelope-link.is-active .envelope-terminal {
  stroke: #003366 !important;
}

/* Clean vector controls for the rotating publications. */
.carousel-button {
  width: 54px;
  min-width: 54px;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  color: #003366;
  font-size: 0 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
}
.carousel-button svg {
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
  display: block;
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 1.45;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  transition: transform .2s ease;
}
.carousel-button:hover svg,
.carousel-button:focus-visible svg {
  transform: translateX(var(--arrow-shift, 0));
}
.carousel-button[data-carousel-prev] { --arrow-shift: -2px; }
.carousel-button[data-carousel-next] { --arrow-shift: 2px; }

/* Half-speed conference ticker; the publication loop uses the same full-cycle duration. */
.conference-banner-track {
  animation-duration: 64s !important;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .conference-banner-track {
    animation-duration: 48s !important;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .conference-banner-track {
    animation-duration: 0s !important;
  }
}


/* v55: uniform dark footer and longer lower support-band fades. */
.site-footer { background: #003366 !important; }
.site-footer::before { display: none !important; }

/* v56: editorial portrait treatment — homepage only. */
.home-page .home-profile-layout {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  grid-template-columns: 270px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 66px;
  max-width: 900px;
}
.home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -4;
  left: -86px;
  top: -54px;
  width: 660px;
  height: 430px;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .065);
  clip-path: polygon(0 16%, 70% 0, 100% 57%, 82% 92%, 23% 100%, 0 78%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -3;
  left: -42px;
  top: 310px;
  width: 530px;
  height: 1px;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .42);
  transform: rotate(-7deg);
  transform-origin: left center;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.home-page .home-portrait {
  width: 270px;
  height: 326px;
  overflow: visible;
  isolation: isolate;
  filter: none;
}
.home-page .home-portrait::before {
  z-index: -2;
  inset: 18px -18px -18px 20px;
  background: rgba(112, 113, 115, .15);
  clip-path: polygon(7% 0, 100% 5%, 94% 87%, 79% 100%, 0 94%, 2% 11%);
}
.home-page .home-portrait::after {
  z-index: 3;
  inset: auto -20px 28px auto;
  width: 92px;
  height: 1px;
  border: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .72);
  transform: rotate(-36deg);
  transform-origin: right center;
}
.home-page .home-portrait-frame {
  z-index: 3;
  inset: -10px auto auto -10px;
  width: 112px;
  height: 82px;
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .62);
  border-left: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .62);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.home-page .home-portrait img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border: 0;
  clip-path: polygon(4% 0, 96% 3%, 100% 78%, 84% 100%, 0 94%, 0 9%);
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 68% 52%;
  transform: scale(1.22) translate(-1.5%, 3.5%);
  transform-origin: 68% 52%;
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .home-page .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 238px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 52px;
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait { width: 238px; height: 294px; }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before { width: 590px; height: 392px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-page .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 168px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait { width: 168px; height: 210px; }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
    left: -36px;
    top: -30px;
    width: 390px;
    height: 286px;
    opacity: .82;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after { left: -20px; top: 220px; width: 310px; }
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .home-page .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 34px;
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait {
    width: 196px;
    height: 242px;
    margin-left: 10px;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
    left: -32px;
    top: -24px;
    width: 300px;
    height: 290px;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
    left: -10px;
    top: 255px;
    width: 250px;
  }
}

/* v56 crop refinement: use the dedicated editorial crop without scaling overflow. */
.home-page .home-portrait img {
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 51% 52%;
  transform: none;
}

/* v57: neutral desktop support menu and continuously moving publication carousel. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  /* The current page is not pre-highlighted: all support lines start neutral. */
  .envelope-link.is-active .envelope-line,
  .envelope-link.is-active .envelope-terminal {
    stroke: rgba(0, 51, 102, .28) !important;
    stroke-width: 1.2 !important;
  }
  .envelope-link.is-active .envelope-point {
    fill: #fff !important;
    stroke: #003366 !important;
  }
  .envelope-link.is-active .envelope-label {
    fill: #003366 !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
  }
  .envelope-link.is-active .envelope-band {
    opacity: 0 !important;
  }
}

/* v58: highlighted Teaching office-hours panel and softer portrait geometry. */
.teaching-office-hours-wrap {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  margin-top: 26px;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}
.teaching-office-hours {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 20px 30px 21px 34px;
  color: #003366;
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  letter-spacing: .008em;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .09);
  clip-path: polygon(0 12%, 96% 0, 100% 78%, 92% 100%, 3% 92%);
  border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .62);
}
.teaching-office-hours::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  right: 4%;
  bottom: -7px;
  width: 34%;
  height: 24px;
  background: rgba(112, 113, 115, .10);
  clip-path: polygon(4% 0, 100% 28%, 94% 100%, 0 74%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Remove the long transverse rule and keep the geometry close to the portrait. */
.home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
  left: -64px;
  top: -42px;
  width: 470px;
  height: 390px;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .038);
  clip-path: polygon(0 16%, 72% 0, 100% 54%, 82% 94%, 21% 100%, 0 78%);
}
.home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -3;
  left: 82px;
  top: 244px;
  width: 350px;
  height: 158px;
  background: rgba(112, 113, 115, .045);
  clip-path: polygon(0 18%, 88% 0, 100% 66%, 72% 100%, 8% 82%);
  transform: none;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.home-page .home-portrait::before {
  background: rgba(112, 113, 115, .09);
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before { width: 420px; height: 350px; }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after { left: 64px; top: 220px; width: 300px; height: 140px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .teaching-office-hours-wrap { margin-top: 20px; }
  .teaching-office-hours {
    max-width: none;
    padding: 17px 22px 18px 25px;
    font-size: 13px;
    clip-path: polygon(0 10%, 97% 0, 100% 82%, 91% 100%, 2% 92%);
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
    left: -30px;
    top: -26px;
    width: 280px;
    height: 260px;
    opacity: .75;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
    left: 42px;
    top: 172px;
    width: 235px;
    height: 104px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
    left: -25px;
    top: -20px;
    width: 252px;
    height: 268px;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
    left: 32px;
    top: 190px;
    width: 218px;
    height: 106px;
  }
}

/* v60: a restrained light-blue accent within the portrait geometry. */
.home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
  background: rgba(0, 153, 204, .072);
}
.home-page .home-portrait::before {
  background: linear-gradient(145deg,
    rgba(112, 113, 115, .075) 0%,
    rgba(112, 113, 115, .075) 54%,
    rgba(0, 153, 204, .095) 54%,
    rgba(0, 153, 204, .095) 100%);
}


/* v61: concise research narratives on Home and Research. */
.home-research-summary {
  max-width: 610px;
  margin-top: 28px;
  padding-top: 22px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .18);
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.72;
}
.home-research-summary p { margin: 0; }
.home-research-summary strong {
  color: var(--blue-dark);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.research-overview {
  position: relative;
  padding: 68px 0 54px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-200);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.research-overview::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  right: -9vw;
  bottom: -92px;
  width: 42vw;
  height: 210px;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .035);
  clip-path: polygon(17% 0, 100% 20%, 100% 100%, 0 82%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.research-overview-layout {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 145px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 34px;
}
.research-overview-copy { max-width: 850px; }
.research-overview-copy h2 {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(32px, 4vw, 46px);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.028em;
  line-height: 1.08;
}
.research-overview-copy > p {
  max-width: 790px;
  margin: 0 0 17px;
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}
.research-overview-copy > p strong {
  color: var(--blue-dark);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.research-keyword-field {
  max-width: 790px;
  margin-top: 31px;
}
.research-keyword-field .keyword-row {
  grid-template-columns: 105px minmax(0, 1fr);
}
.publications { padding-top: 58px; }

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .home-research-summary { max-width: 560px; font-size: 13px; }
  .research-overview-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .home-research-summary {
    margin-top: 22px;
    padding-top: 18px;
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.66;
  }
  .research-overview { padding: 50px 0 40px; }
  .research-overview-copy h2 { font-size: 31px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
  .research-overview-copy > p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.68; }
  .research-keyword-field .keyword-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 6px; }
}

/* v62: warmer, clearer Teaching page without a personal introduction. */
.teaching-page { max-width: 1040px; }
.teaching-office-hours-wrap { margin-top: 26px; position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.teaching-office-card {
  width: min(720px, 100%);
  padding: 23px 32px 24px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(225, 241, 250, .96), rgba(244, 248, 251, .96));
  border-left: 3px solid var(--blue);
  clip-path: polygon(0 0, 96% 0, 100% 24%, 97% 100%, 0 100%);
}
.teaching-office-card p { margin: 0; color: var(--grey-800); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.65; }
.teaching-office-card a {
  display: inline-block; margin-top: 9px; color: var(--blue); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .32);
}
.teaching-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 7px !important; color: var(--grey-700) !important; font-size: 10px !important;
  font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .13em; line-height: 1.2 !important; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.teaching-section { padding-top: 48px; }
.teaching-current {
  position: relative; padding: 38px 42px 42px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(232, 244, 251, .92), rgba(255, 255, 255, .94) 58%), var(--white);
  border-top: 2px solid var(--blue); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--grey-300);
}
.teaching-current::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; width: 92px; height: 92px;
  background: rgba(112, 113, 115, .08); clip-path: polygon(55% 0, 100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%); pointer-events: none;
}
.teaching-section-heading { display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 28px; margin-bottom: 29px; }
.teaching-section-heading h2 {
  margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 39px); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.1;
}
.teaching-update-link {
  position: relative; z-index: 1; flex: 0 0 auto; padding-bottom: 4px; color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .34);
}
.current-course-grid { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 20px; }
.current-course-card {
  min-height: 230px; padding: 26px 27px 27px; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .88);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .17); border-bottom: 3px solid var(--blue);
}
.current-course-card .course-meta {
  margin: 0 0 13px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.current-course-card h3 {
  margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.25;
}
.current-course-card > p:last-child { margin: 17px 0 0; color: var(--grey-800); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.65; }
.teaching-previous { margin-top: 76px; }
.teaching-section-heading-compact { align-items: start; margin-bottom: 35px; }
.teaching-section-heading-compact h2 { font-size: clamp(25px, 2.6vw, 34px); }
.teaching-timeline { position: relative; padding-left: 34px; }
.teaching-timeline::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; top: 7px; bottom: 8px; left: 5px; width: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(var(--blue), rgba(0, 51, 102, .18));
}
.teaching-timeline .academic-year { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 132px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 31px; }
.teaching-timeline .academic-year::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; left: -34px; top: 5px; width: 11px; height: 11px;
  background: var(--white); border: 2px solid var(--blue); border-radius: 50%;
}
.teaching-timeline .academic-year + .academic-year { margin-top: 51px; }
.teaching-timeline .academic-year > h3 { margin: 1px 0 0; color: var(--blue); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.teaching-timeline .course-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--blue-dark); }
.teaching-timeline .grouped-course { padding: 18px 0; }
.teaching-timeline .course-row h4 {
  margin: 0; color: var(--blue-deep); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.38;
}
.teaching-timeline .course-row p { margin-top: 5px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; }
.teaching-footer-note {
  margin: 67px 0 0; padding: 19px 22px; color: var(--grey-700); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.65;
  background: rgba(112, 113, 115, .07); border-left: 2px solid var(--grey-500);
}
.teaching-footer-note a { color: var(--blue); font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .3); }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .teaching-office-card { padding: 20px 22px 21px; clip-path: polygon(0 0, 94% 0, 100% 16%, 98% 100%, 0 100%); }
  .teaching-current { padding: 30px 22px 32px; }
  .teaching-section-heading { display: block; }
  .teaching-update-link { display: inline-block; margin-top: 15px; }
  .current-course-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .current-course-card { min-height: 0; padding: 23px 22px 24px; }
  .teaching-previous { margin-top: 58px; }
  .teaching-timeline { padding-left: 25px; }
  .teaching-timeline .academic-year { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 8px; }
  .teaching-timeline .academic-year::before { left: -25px; }
  .teaching-timeline .academic-year + .academic-year { margin-top: 39px; }
}

/* v63: tighter homepage portrait composition and wider research summary. */
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout {
    max-width: 1040px;
    grid-template-columns: 258px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 42px;
    align-items: start;
    transform: translateX(-46px);
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait {
    width: 258px;
    height: 318px;
    transform: translateY(-24px);
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
    left: -76px;
    top: -72px;
    width: 414px;
    height: 382px;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
    left: 24px;
    top: 218px;
    width: 292px;
    height: 138px;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-copy {
    padding-top: 0;
  }
  .home-page .home-research-summary {
    max-width: 720px;
    margin-top: 23px;
    padding-top: 18px;
    line-height: 1.66;
  }
}
@media (min-width: 761px) and (max-width: 1100px) {
  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 232px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 36px;
    transform: translateX(-20px);
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait { width: 232px; height: 286px; transform: translateY(-18px); }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before { left: -56px; top: -60px; width: 370px; height: 340px; }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after { left: 22px; top: 202px; width: 265px; height: 122px; }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout { transform: none; }
  .home-page .home-portrait { transform: translateY(-8px); }
}


/* v64: separate current and upcoming teaching. */
.teaching-upcoming {
  margin-top: 34px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(244, 248, 251, .96), rgba(232, 244, 251, .74) 72%), var(--white);
  border-top-width: 1px;
}
.teaching-upcoming::after {
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .045);
}
.upcoming-course-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}
.upcoming-course-card {
  min-height: 150px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-start;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .teaching-upcoming { margin-top: 24px; }
  .upcoming-course-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .upcoming-course-card { min-height: 0; }
}


/* v66: reciprocal English/Italian teaching-page banner. */
.language-switch-wrap {
  width: min(1040px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 22px auto 20px;
}
.language-switch-banner {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  min-height: 66px;
  padding: 13px 58px 13px 18px;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  text-decoration: none;
  background: linear-gradient(112deg, rgba(218, 239, 250, .98), rgba(245, 250, 253, .98) 64%, rgba(226, 241, 249, .98));
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .2);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--blue);
  clip-path: polygon(0 0, 97% 0, 100% 50%, 97% 100%, 0 100%);
  transition: transform .2s ease, border-color .2s ease, background .2s ease;
}
.language-switch-banner::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 22px;
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--blue);
  border-right: 2px solid var(--blue);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.language-switch-banner:hover,
.language-switch-banner:focus-visible {
  transform: translateX(3px);
  border-color: rgba(0, 51, 102, .42);
  background: linear-gradient(112deg, rgba(207, 234, 248, 1), rgba(245, 250, 253, 1) 64%, rgba(218, 238, 248, 1));
}
.language-switch-code {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  flex: 0 0 37px;
  width: 37px;
  height: 37px;
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--blue);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  clip-path: polygon(12% 0, 100% 0, 88% 100%, 0 100%);
}
.language-switch-copy { display: grid; gap: 2px; }
.language-switch-copy strong {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.15;
}
.language-switch-copy span {
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.35;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .language-switch-wrap { width: calc(100% - 30px); margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
  .language-switch-banner { min-height: 61px; padding: 11px 44px 11px 14px; gap: 12px; clip-path: polygon(0 0, 95% 0, 100% 50%, 95% 100%, 0 100%); }
  .language-switch-banner::after { right: 17px; }
  .language-switch-code { flex-basis: 34px; width: 34px; height: 34px; }
  .language-switch-copy strong { font-size: 16px; }
  .language-switch-copy span { font-size: 11px; }
}


/* v67: expanded student-information panel and aligned resource links. */
.teaching-office-card {
  width: min(860px, 100%);
}
.teaching-office-card .teaching-office-line {
  max-width: 780px;
}
.teaching-office-card .teaching-office-line a {
  display: inline;
  margin: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.teaching-resource-links {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px 24px;
  margin-top: 17px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .18);
}
.teaching-resource-links p {
  display: grid;
  gap: 4px;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.45;
}
.teaching-resource-links strong {
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .015em;
}
.teaching-resource-links a {
  display: inline-block;
  width: fit-content;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 12px;
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .teaching-resource-links {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 12px;
  }
  .teaching-office-card .teaching-office-line a {
    white-space: normal;
  }
}


/* v69: tighter homepage portrait crop with less sky and a more centred face. */
.home-page .home-portrait img {
  object-position: 52% 50%;
}

/* v72: refined motion, bilingual student guidance, interactive publications and mobile profile. */
:root {
  --motion-fast: 220ms;
  --motion-medium: 440ms;
  --motion-ease: cubic-bezier(.22, .72, .22, 1);
  --card-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(16, 47, 75, .075);
  --card-shadow-hover: 0 18px 38px rgba(16, 47, 75, .13);
}

html.js body {
  opacity: 0;
}
html.js body.page-ready {
  opacity: 1;
}
body {
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
  transition: opacity var(--motion-fast) ease;
  background: #fbfdff;
}
body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background:
    linear-gradient(118deg, rgba(0, 51, 102, .028), transparent 34%, rgba(0, 153, 204, .026) 70%, transparent 94%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(138deg, rgba(0, 51, 102, .012) 0 1px, transparent 1px 42px);
  background-size: 190% 190%, 58px 58px;
  animation: ambient-background 28s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}
.site-header,
main,
.site-footer {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
.home-hero,
.page-hero {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .82) !important;
}
.section,
.publications,
.research-overview,
.teaching-section,
.contact-section,
.vita-section {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .62);
}
@keyframes ambient-background {
  0% { background-position: 0% 48%, 0 0; }
  100% { background-position: 100% 52%, 22px 12px; }
}

.reading-progress {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 120;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 3px;
  pointer-events: none;
  background: rgba(0, 51, 102, .08);
}
.reading-progress span {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #003366, #1598c8);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left center;
  will-change: transform;
}

/* Entry and scroll-reveal motion. */
.reveal,
.reveal.is-visible {
  transition: opacity var(--motion-medium) var(--motion-ease), transform var(--motion-medium) var(--motion-ease) !important;
  transition-delay: var(--reveal-delay, 0ms) !important;
}
.js .reveal {
  opacity: 0 !important;
  transform: translateY(14px) !important;
}
.js .reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  transform: translateY(0) !important;
}
body.page-exit {
  opacity: 0;
}

/* Animated underlines for textual links. */
.text-link,
.course-link,
.bib-content h3 a,
.teaching-resource-links a,
.teaching-office-line a,
.contact-row a,
.teaching-update-link,
.vita-side a,
.home-email a,
.carousel-note a {
  text-decoration: none !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(currentColor, currentColor);
  background-position: 0 100%;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 0 1px;
  transition: color var(--motion-fast) ease, background-size 300ms var(--motion-ease);
}
.text-link:hover,
.text-link:focus-visible,
.course-link:hover,
.course-link:focus-visible,
.bib-content h3 a:hover,
.bib-content h3 a:focus-visible,
.teaching-resource-links a:hover,
.teaching-resource-links a:focus-visible,
.teaching-office-line a:hover,
.teaching-office-line a:focus-visible,
.contact-row a:hover,
.contact-row a:focus-visible,
.teaching-update-link:hover,
.teaching-update-link:focus-visible,
.vita-side a:hover,
.vita-side a:focus-visible,
.home-email a:hover,
.home-email a:focus-visible,
.carousel-note a:hover,
.carousel-note a:focus-visible {
  background-size: 100% 1px;
}
a,
button,
summary {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Mobile homepage: portrait starts on the same visual line as the name. */
.home-page .home-profile-layout {
  grid-template-areas:
    "portrait heading"
    "portrait summary";
}
.home-page .profile-portrait { grid-area: portrait; }
.home-page .profile-heading { grid-area: heading; }
.home-page .home-research-summary {
  grid-area: summary;
  align-self: start;
}
@media (min-width: 761px) {
  .home-page .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  }
  .home-page .profile-portrait { grid-row: 1 / 3; }
  .home-page .home-research-summary {
    margin-top: 20px;
    padding-top: 17px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 132px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    grid-template-areas:
      "portrait heading"
      "summary summary";
    gap: 18px 20px !important;
    align-items: start;
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait {
    width: 132px !important;
    height: 166px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    transform: none !important;
  }
  .home-page .profile-heading {
    align-self: start;
    padding-top: 0;
  }
  .home-page .profile-heading h1 {
    margin-top: 0;
    font-size: clamp(35px, 10vw, 48px);
    line-height: .98;
  }
  .home-page .profile-heading .hero-copy {
    margin-top: 17px;
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }
  .home-page .profile-heading .home-email {
    margin-top: 13px;
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .home-page .home-research-summary {
    margin-top: 2px;
    padding-top: 17px;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before {
    left: -27px !important;
    top: -24px !important;
    width: 224px !important;
    height: 214px !important;
  }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after {
    left: 42px !important;
    top: 118px !important;
    width: 174px !important;
    height: 92px !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 110px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    gap: 17px 16px !important;
  }
  .home-page .home-portrait {
    width: 110px !important;
    height: 142px !important;
  }
  .home-page .profile-heading h1 { font-size: 34px; }
  .home-page .profile-heading .hero-copy { font-size: 12px; }
  .home-page .profile-heading .home-email { font-size: 10.5px; }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::before { width: 194px !important; height: 188px !important; }
  .home-page .home-profile-layout::after { left: 34px !important; top: 105px !important; width: 150px !important; }
}

/* Warmer student information panel. */
.teaching-kicker {
  color: var(--blue-deep) !important;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 24px !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  letter-spacing: -.015em !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
}
.teaching-office-card {
  box-shadow: var(--card-shadow);
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), box-shadow var(--motion-fast) ease;
}
.teaching-resource-links strong {
  text-transform: none;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-size: 12px;
}

/* Career timeline: three clear academic stages. */
.vertical-career {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 23px;
  padding-left: 30px;
}
.vertical-career::before {
  left: 5px;
  top: 12px;
  bottom: 12px;
  width: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(#1598c8, #003366);
}
.vertical-career::after { display: none; }
.vertical-career-item {
  position: relative;
  padding: 20px 22px 21px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.83);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .13);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(16,47,75,.05);
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), box-shadow var(--motion-fast) ease, border-color var(--motion-fast) ease;
}
.vertical-career-item::before {
  left: -31px;
  top: 25px;
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  border: 3px solid #fff;
  background: #1598c8;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #003366;
}
.vertical-career-item time {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  color: var(--grey-700);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.career-stage-label {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  color: #1598c8 !important;
  font-size: 10px !important;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.vertical-career-item h3 { margin-top: 0; }

/* Publication list as interactive cards. */
.research-section .bibliography {
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
  border-top: 0;
}
.bib-entry-abstract.publication-card {
  grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(80px, auto);
  gap: 19px;
  padding: 23px 24px 24px;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.88);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .12);
  border-left: 3px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .38);
  box-shadow: var(--card-shadow);
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), box-shadow var(--motion-fast) ease, border-color var(--motion-fast) ease;
}
.bib-entry-abstract.publication-card::before {
  display: none;
}
.bib-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: stretch;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.bib-action {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 74px;
  min-height: 34px;
  padding: 7px 11px;
  color: var(--blue-deep);
  background: rgba(232, 244, 251, .75);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .18);
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), color var(--motion-fast) ease, background var(--motion-fast) ease, border-color var(--motion-fast) ease;
}
.bib-pdf-link {
  color: #fff;
  background: #003366;
  border-color: #003366;
}
.abstract-disclosure {
  margin-top: 14px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,51,102,.1);
}
.abstract-disclosure summary {
  width: fit-content;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  list-style: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.abstract-disclosure summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.abstract-disclosure summary::after {
  content: "+";
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: 8px;
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease);
}
.abstract-disclosure[open] summary::after { transform: rotate(45deg); }

/* Card and control hover refinement. */
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .current-course-card:hover,
  .bib-entry-abstract.publication-card:hover,
  .vertical-career-item:hover,
  .teaching-office-card:hover,
  .vita-side:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--card-shadow-hover);
    border-color: rgba(0, 51, 102, .27);
  }
  .language-switch-banner:hover { transform: translate(3px, -2px); box-shadow: 0 11px 25px rgba(16,47,75,.09); }
  .bib-action:hover,
  .bib-action:focus-visible,
  .carousel-button:hover,
  .carousel-button:focus-visible {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
  }
  .bib-primary-link:hover,
  .bib-primary-link:focus-visible {
    color: #fff;
    background: #003366;
  }
  .bib-pdf-link:hover,
  .bib-pdf-link:focus-visible {
    background: #1598c8;
    border-color: #1598c8;
  }
  .paper-card[data-position='0'] .paper-cover:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 28px 50px rgba(16,47,75,.17);
  }
}
.paper-cover {
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), box-shadow var(--motion-fast) ease;
}
.current-course-card,
.language-switch-banner,
.vita-side {
  transition: transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), box-shadow var(--motion-fast) ease, border-color var(--motion-fast) ease;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .bib-entry-abstract.publication-card {
    grid-template-columns: 34px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 19px 17px 20px;
  }
  .bib-actions {
    grid-column: 2;
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    margin-top: 2px;
  }
  .bib-action { min-width: 68px; }
  .vertical-career { padding-left: 25px; }
  .vertical-career-item::before { left: -26px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  body::before { animation: none; }
  html.js body { opacity: 1; }
  .js .reveal,
  .js .reveal.is-visible { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; }
}

/* v72 final interaction fixes. */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  z-index: 51;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-header { position: relative; }
}
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .current-course-card.reveal:hover,
  .bib-entry-abstract.publication-card.reveal:hover,
  .vertical-career-item.reveal:hover,
  .teaching-office-hours-wrap.reveal:hover .teaching-office-card,
  .vita-side.reveal:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px) !important;
  }
  .language-switch-banner.reveal:hover,
  .language-switch-banner.reveal:focus-visible {
    transform: translate(3px, -2px) !important;
  }
}

/* v74: verified abstract excerpts, explicit plus/minus control, and mobile publication spacing. */
.abstract-disclosure summary::after {
  content: "+" !important;
  transform: none !important;
}
.abstract-disclosure[open] summary::after {
  content: "−" !important;
  transform: none !important;
}
.abstract-source-label {
  margin: 12px 0 4px !important;
  color: var(--blue) !important;
  font-size: 9px !important;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.official-abstract-excerpt {
  margin-top: 4px !important;
}
.abstract-source-link {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
  font-size: 11px !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}
.abstract-source-link a {
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.abstract-unavailable {
  font-style: italic;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .bib-entry-abstract.publication-card {
    grid-template-columns: 38px minmax(0, 1fr);
    padding-left: 25px;
  }
  .bib-number {
    padding-left: 2px;
  }
}


/* v77: minimal fullscreen mobile navigation and a calmer homepage profile composition. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  :root {
    --mobile-menu-duration: 320ms;
    --mobile-menu-ease: cubic-bezier(.22, .78, .24, 1);
  }

  body.menu-open {
    overflow: hidden;
    touch-action: none;
  }

  .site-header {
    position: sticky !important;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 300;
    background: rgba(252, 253, 254, .82) !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .10) !important;
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(18px) saturate(135%);
    backdrop-filter: blur(18px) saturate(135%);
  }

  .site-header::after {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .header-inner {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 18px;
    min-height: 66px !important;
    padding: 11px 0 !important;
  }

  .brand {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 360;
    min-width: 0;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  .brand-name {
    font-size: 18px !important;
    letter-spacing: -.012em;
  }

  .brand-field {
    max-width: 230px;
    margin-top: 4px !important;
    overflow: hidden;
    font-size: 8px !important;
    letter-spacing: .13em !important;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .menu-toggle {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 360;
    display: inline-flex !important;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    gap: 10px;
    width: auto !important;
    height: 40px !important;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0 1px 0 12px;
    color: var(--blue-deep);
    background: transparent !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    border-radius: 0 !important;
    font: inherit;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: .16em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

  .menu-toggle::before,
  .menu-toggle::after,
  .menu-toggle > span:not(.menu-toggle-label):not(.menu-toggle-icon) {
    display: none !important;
    content: none !important;
  }

  .menu-toggle-label {
    display: block;
    min-width: 46px;
    text-align: right;
    transition: opacity 180ms ease;
  }

  .menu-toggle-icon {
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    width: 22px;
    height: 22px;
  }

  .menu-toggle-icon i {
    position: absolute;
    left: 1px;
    width: 20px;
    height: 1px;
    background: currentColor;
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: top var(--mobile-menu-duration) var(--mobile-menu-ease),
                transform var(--mobile-menu-duration) var(--mobile-menu-ease);
  }

  .menu-toggle-icon i:first-child { top: 8px; }
  .menu-toggle-icon i:last-child { top: 14px; }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded='true'] .menu-toggle-icon i:first-child {
    top: 11px;
    transform: rotate(45deg);
  }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded='true'] .menu-toggle-icon i:last-child {
    top: 11px;
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
  }

  .site-header .site-nav,
  body.home-page .site-header .site-nav,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-header .site-nav {
    --mobile-indicator-y: 50%;
    position: fixed !important;
    inset: 0 !important;
    z-index: 340;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 100vw !important;
    min-height: 100dvh;
    gap: 0 !important;
    padding: clamp(104px, 17vh, 148px) clamp(34px, 10vw, 74px) 58px !important;
    overflow-y: auto;
    background: rgba(246, 250, 253, .93) !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
    transform: scale(1.012);
    transform-origin: center;
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(24px) saturate(125%);
    backdrop-filter: blur(24px) saturate(125%);
    transition: opacity var(--mobile-menu-duration) ease,
                visibility 0s linear var(--mobile-menu-duration),
                transform var(--mobile-menu-duration) var(--mobile-menu-ease);
  }

  .site-header .site-nav.is-open {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transform: scale(1);
    transition-delay: 0s;
  }

  .site-nav a {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 0 !important;
    padding: clamp(12px, 2.3vh, 20px) 0 !important;
    color: rgba(0, 51, 102, .58) !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: clamp(36px, 11vw, 56px) !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
    letter-spacing: -.035em !important;
    line-height: 1.02 !important;
    text-transform: none !important;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(16px);
    transition: color 260ms ease,
                opacity var(--mobile-menu-duration) ease,
                transform var(--mobile-menu-duration) var(--mobile-menu-ease) !important;
  }

  .site-nav.is-open a {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  .site-nav.is-open a:nth-of-type(1) { transition-delay: 40ms !important; }
  .site-nav.is-open a:nth-of-type(2) { transition-delay: 75ms !important; }
  .site-nav.is-open a:nth-of-type(3) { transition-delay: 110ms !important; }
  .site-nav.is-open a:nth-of-type(4) { transition-delay: 145ms !important; }
  .site-nav.is-open a:nth-of-type(5) { transition-delay: 180ms !important; }

  .site-nav a::before,
  .site-nav a::after {
    display: none !important;
    content: none !important;
  }

  .site-nav a:hover,
  .site-nav a:focus-visible,
  .site-nav a[aria-current='page'] {
    color: var(--blue-deep) !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    padding-left: 0 !important;
    outline-offset: 7px;
  }

  .site-nav .nav-indicator {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: clamp(34px, 10vw, 74px);
    right: clamp(34px, 10vw, 74px);
    z-index: 2;
    display: block !important;
    width: auto !important;
    height: 1px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--blue), rgba(21, 152, 200, .35)) !important;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(var(--mobile-indicator-y)) !important;
    transform-origin: left center;
    transition: transform var(--mobile-menu-duration) var(--mobile-menu-ease),
                opacity 220ms ease !important;
    pointer-events: none;
  }

  .site-nav.is-open .nav-indicator {
    opacity: 1;
  }

  .site-map-home,
  .site-map-compact,
  .mobile-home-nav {
    display: none !important;
  }

  /* More air between portrait and identity, with slightly quieter text. */
  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 126px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    grid-template-areas:
      "portrait heading"
      "summary summary";
    column-gap: 30px !important;
    row-gap: 21px !important;
    align-items: start;
  }

  .home-page .home-portrait {
    width: 126px !important;
    height: 160px !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading {
    position: relative;
    min-width: 0;
    padding: 2px 0 0 13px !important;
    border-left: 1px solid rgba(0, 51, 102, .16);
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading h1 {
    max-width: 9ch;
    font-size: clamp(31px, 8.8vw, 40px) !important;
    line-height: 1.01 !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading .hero-copy {
    margin-top: 14px !important;
    font-size: 12.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.48 !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading .home-email {
    margin-top: 11px !important;
    font-size: 11px !important;
    line-height: 1.35;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

  .home-page .home-research-summary {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 18px !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .brand-field { max-width: 190px; }

  .home-page .home-intro .home-profile-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 106px minmax(0, 1fr) !important;
    column-gap: 23px !important;
    row-gap: 19px !important;
  }

  .home-page .home-portrait {
    width: 106px !important;
    height: 139px !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading {
    padding-left: 10px !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading h1 {
    font-size: 30px !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading .hero-copy {
    margin-top: 12px !important;
    font-size: 11.5px !important;
  }

  .home-page .profile-heading .home-email {
    font-size: 10px !important;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) and (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-header .site-nav,
  .site-nav a,
  .site-nav .nav-indicator,
  .menu-toggle-icon i {
    transition-duration: 1ms !important;
    transition-delay: 0ms !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body.home-page .site-header .site-nav.is-open,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-header .site-nav.is-open,
  .site-header .site-nav.is-open {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
    transform: scale(1) !important;
    transition-delay: 0s !important;
  }
}

/* v78: precisely aligned mobile menu icon and slightly smaller menu typography. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .menu-toggle-icon {
    width: 22px;
    height: 22px;
  }

  .menu-toggle-icon i {
    top: 50% !important;
    left: 50% !important;
    width: 20px;
    height: 1px;
    margin: 0;
    transform-origin: 50% 50%;
    transition: transform var(--mobile-menu-duration) var(--mobile-menu-ease);
  }

  .menu-toggle-icon i:first-child {
    transform: translate(-50%, -4px);
  }

  .menu-toggle-icon i:last-child {
    transform: translate(-50%, 4px);
  }

  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded='true'] .menu-toggle-icon i:first-child {
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(45deg);
  }

  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded='true'] .menu-toggle-icon i:last-child {
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(-45deg);
  }

  .site-nav a {
    font-size: clamp(34px, 10vw, 52px) !important;
  }
}


/* v79: stable, fluid mobile-menu navigation between pages. */
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-header .site-nav.is-open.is-navigating,
  body.home-page .site-header .site-nav.is-open.is-navigating,
  body:not(.home-page) .site-header .site-nav.is-open.is-navigating {
    opacity: 0 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    pointer-events: none !important;
    transform: scale(.994) !important;
    transition: opacity 280ms ease,
                transform 300ms var(--mobile-menu-ease) !important;
  }

  .site-nav.is-navigating a {
    opacity: 0 !important;
    transform: translateY(-5px) !important;
    transition-delay: 0ms !important;
    transition-duration: 220ms !important;
  }

  .site-nav.is-navigating .nav-indicator {
    opacity: 0 !important;
    transition: opacity 100ms ease !important;
  }

  body.menu-navigating .menu-toggle {
    pointer-events: none;
  }
}